发动机气门振动特性分析-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

The Vibration Characteristic Analysis of Engine valves A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Liu Zhuofan Supervisor：Prof. Zhang Weifeng Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 发动机作为汽车的动力装置，其运行状态直接影响到整车的工作状况。假如能在发 动机不解体的情况下，及时准确地判断出其当前的运行状况，并判明故障部位原因以及 排除方法，这将大大提高汽车使用的可靠性和安全性。与气门间隙异常相关的故障在发 动机各种类型故障中占了很大比例，所以针对此类型故障的诊断具有重要意义。 在本论文中，以发动机气门间隙分析为基础，测试不同间隙和不同转速下的振动信 号，通过详细地研究振动信号分析方法，采用了时频分析和小波多分辨率分析相结合的 信号分析方法，成功的搭建了一套实用的振动信号测试系统。 采用本课题搭建的测试系统，总结出发动机转速对故障特征信号的影响情况，以及 不同间隙对故障特征信号的影响程度；同时，利用小波分析准确的指出各种不同的气门 故障。通过对 DA462 型发动机的实验验证，证明了本课题提出的基于时频分析和小波 分析所建立的发动机气门振动故障诊断系统能够对发动机气门间隙故障进行有效的诊 断，此诊断方法，具有简单、准确和实用性强的特点。 关键词：小波分析，振动信号，气门间隙，故障诊断，时频分析 i Abstract As the power plant of vehicle , Engine’s running state directly affects the working condition of the vehicle. If we can determine vehicle’s current status, ascertain the fault causes and elimination methods timely and accurately under the condition of the engine without disassembly, which will greatly improve the reliability and security of the vehicles use. The fault associated with abnormal valve clearance in engine’s failure accounted for a large proportion of all sorts of types, so it is of great significance to diagnose this type of fault. In this thesis, based on the analysis of engine’s valve clearance, we test the vibration signal in the condition of different clearance under different rotating speed, through researching the method of vibration signal’s analysis in detail, we combine the time-frequency analysis and wavelet multi-resolution analysis to analyze the signal and successfully build a set of practical vibration signal test system. Using this test system which is build in the thesis, we summarize the influence degree of the engine rotating speed and different clearance for the fault characteristic signal; meanwhile, use wavelet analysis to point out different kinds of valve failure accurately. Through the experiment of testing DA462 engine, we prove that the diagnosis system of engine valv