城乡基本公共服务均等化研究——基于扩大内需的视角财政学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 改革开放三十年来，我国经济社会取得了较大发展，然而，相当一部分居民还未 能共享经济发展的成果，生活在同一片土地上的城乡居民，所享受的公共服务待遇却 迥然不同，这不仅违背了公平正义原则，还会导致经济效率的损失，在一定程度上影 响我国实现全面小康与构建和谐社会的进程。公共服务是各国政府高度关注的焦点。 在我国，公共服务是政府的四大基本职能之一，也是政府存在的理由之一，建立服务 型政府要求把公共服务放在更加重要的位置。长期以来，我国经济增长的对外依存度 较高，内需不足，尤其是农村消费，长期处于低迷状态，加之美国金融危机和全球经 济调整造成的总需求缺口对经济造成重大的打击，扩大内需以填补需求缺口成为当务 之急。实现城乡基本公共服务均等化，不仅是形成惠及全民的公共服务体系的基础， 是贯彻落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会、全面建设小康社会的内在要求，也 是我国应对后危机时代挑战，加快经济发展模式转型，扩内需、促发展、保增长的重 要举措。在此背景下，全面、系统地研究我国的城乡基本公共服务均等化问题具有重 要的理论意义和现实意义。 本文在已有研究的基础上，立足我国经济社会发展的现实国情，在分析我国城乡 基本公共服务均等化与内需现状的基础上讨论了实现城乡基本公共服务均等化与扩 大内需的关系，我国城乡基本公共服务非均等化制约内需扩大的表现，最后提出了扩 大内需目标下实现城乡基本公共服务均等化的具体对策。 关键词：城乡基本公共服务 均等化 扩大内需 城乡差异 转移支付制度 Abstract During the past three decades of reform and opening up, China has made great economic and social development, however, a considerable part of the population is not yet share the fruits of economic development, The inhabitants in the urban and rural,although they live in the same piece of land, enjoyed by the very different treatment of public services, which not only violated the principle of fairness and justice, but also lead to the loss of economic efficiency, to a certain extent, affect our achievement of a comprehensive well-off and harmonious society construction process. Public service is the focus of great concern to Governments. In China, public service is one of the four basic functions, but also one of the reasons the government there is,the establishment of service-oriented government requested that public services on a more important position. For a long time， the external dependence of our economic growth is high, while domestic demand is insufficient, especially consumption in rural, doldruming for a long time. The gap in aggregate demand caused by the U.S. financial crisis and global economic adjustment give a a heavy blow on the economy, expanding domestic demand to fill the gap that needs an urgent priority. To achieve equalization of basic public services for the Urban and the Rural Inhabitants, is