城市生活垃圾污染防治法律问题研究-环境与资源保护法专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 随着我国经济的发展和居民生活水平的提高，我国生活垃圾的产生量急剧 增长，垃圾成份也发生了显著的变化。目前，我国生活垃圾存在着清运不及时、 运输不卫生、处理不科学、回收不规范等现状，垃圾问题不仅严重影响了环境 卫生和人们的身体健康，而且造成了大量资源的浪费。我国现有的生活垃圾管 理体制是计划经济的产物，多年来一直将垃圾的管理作为一种社会福利事业来 进行，存在着“政企合一”，调节手段单一，缺乏效率等弊端；同时一，虽然我 国新修订了《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境防治法》，初步建立了生活垃圾 污染防治的法律、法规体系，但仍存在着立法的盲区，缺少相应的配套法规， 无法对垃圾污染进行全过程法律规制。因此，立足于我国的现实情况，适当借 鉴国外发达国家在生活垃圾的管理和立法上的先进经验，重新构建我国生活垃 圾的管理体制和完善我国生活垃圾污染防治立法势在必行。首先，应建立与市 场经济相适应的管理体制，明确政府职能，营造良好的市场秩序，大力推进生 活垃圾的产业化、民营化，实行垃圾收费制度，鼓励公众积极参与。其次，以 循环经济为我国生活垃圾污染防治立法的指导思想，在立法中贯彻生活垃圾减 量化、无害化、资源化原则，制定各项配套法律、法规，提高法律的可操作性， 完善我国生活垃圾污染防治法体系。 【关键词】 生活垃圾 管理体制 循环经济 Abstract With the development of the economy and the improvement of living standard in China, the production of the residential solid waste increases sharply; the composition of the solid waste has changed remarkably, too. At present in China, the cleaning of residential solid waste is not in time; conveyance not sanitary; process not rational; retrieving not standard. Those problem above does not only influence the health and the environment but also waste more resource .The present of residential solid waste management system resulted from the planned economy for many years, it was regard as a kind of social utility, running as a model of merging government administration with enterprise into one. And so, the regulating measure is too limited to run efficient. Although the Solid Waste of The Pollution and Cures Law of the Peoples Republic of China revised and the system of laws and regulations of prevention and control of residential solid waste pollution has been set up, the blind legislating hole area existsand the corresponding auxiliary laws lacks. And so, it couldnt carry on the overall legal structure to the prevention and control of pollution of the residential solid waste. Basing on the reality in China and introducing foreign developed countrys management and experience; the reconstruction of residential solid waste management system should be carried out urgently. Firstly, the management system ma