从斯坦纳的翻译阐释观看译者主体性在斯奈德寒山诗英译本中的体现-英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 作为翻译活动的中心和主体，译者在翻译理论研究发展的漫长历史中被长期置于边缘地 位。传统译论又注重对原作的忠实，因此译者在翻译过程中须尽力向原作靠拢，且避免自己 的主体意识强行加入其中。二十世纪七八十年代，随着翻译理论的“文化转向”，译者的主体 作用及地位越来越受到中外理论家的重视，在翻译研究中的作用逐渐彰显，并且成为译学研 究的热点。多种学科门类将自己的理论特质与翻译理论结合，这其中作为一门对意义的理解 和解释的理论，阐释学无疑为译者主体性研究提供了全新的理论视角。 斯坦纳将阐释翻译过程分为信赖、侵入、吸收和补偿。这四个步骤重点强调翻译过程中 译者理解与表达的具体关系和联系过程。译者首先通过审美判断选择翻译文本，信赖原语文 本的意义；在翻译阶段，译者可能要面对来自原文的敌意和抵抗，所以兼具读者和阐释者两 种文学身份的译者要充分发挥其主观能动性，“侵入”原文，进行近乎“暴力”的阐释和翻译； 然后汲取原文本的语言、文化信息，再现原作的思想信息、审美信息和语言风格，传达异域 文化的意蕴；最后，为实现原作与译作之间的译者要尽力做出补偿以恢复译作与原作的平衡。 本文以斯坦纳在哲学阐释学基础上提出的翻译四步骤为本研究的理论框架，以斯奈德寒 山诗英译本作为个案研究对象，尝试运用斯坦纳的四个具体运作步骤阐释译者主体性这个抽 象概念，以期揭示作为翻译主体的译者的能动作用贯穿于整个翻译的动态过程，为进一步确 立译者主体的地位和作用提供理论依据。 关键词：阐释学,译者主体性,翻译四步骤,斯奈德寒山诗英译本 ABSTRACT Translators as the subject and center of translation activities have been placed in a marginalized position during the long history of the development of translation theory. Traditional translation theories regard “fidelity” and “equivalence” as standards to assess translated texts, but ignore the subjective and dynamic role of translators. It is a fact that no matter in translation or in all aspects of daily life, translators? subjectivity inevitably exists. With the “cultural turn” in foreign translation studies in 1970s and 1980s, the role and status of translators have attracted more and more attention of translation theorists abroad and home, thus the study on translators? subjectivity has become a heated topic. A variety of disciplines have been introduced into translation theories and among which the hermeneutics undoubtedly provides a new theoretical perspective for the study of translators? subjectivity since it is related with understanding and interpreting meanings. George Steiner introduced philosophical hermeneutics into translation studies, and he divided the process of translation into four motions, namely trust, aggression, incorporation and compensation, emphasizing on the specific correlation between comprehension and expression of translators during the process of translation. According to Ste