从顺应论角度探讨汉语假宾语对汉英同声传译的影响及其应对策略-外国语言学及应用语言学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 1987 年，比利时国际语用学秘书长 Jef Verschueren 在其著作 Pragmatics as a Theory of Linguistic Adaptation 中首次提出顺应论。1999 年，在 Understanding Pragmatics 一书中她进一步发展和完善了该理论，用新的视角和途径来考察交际 语言的使用。顺应论认为，交际语言的使用是交际者在不同意识程度下为适应交 际需要而不断做出语言选择的过程，核心在于语言选择的动态顺应性，交际者能 够在该过程中做出种种选择是因为语言具有变异性、协商性和顺应性。 同声传译作为高端口译行为，一般要求译员在源语输出后 3 秒左右开始译语 输出，并最好随发言人话音启停而进行相应译语启停。这极大提高了不同语言交 流者的谈话效率和对话流畅性，节约了交际者及广大参与者的时间，节省了跨国 跨地区语言交流所须成本，被越来越普遍地应用到国际会议、跨国商务谈判及国 际学术交流活动中。 汉语和英语分别作为世界上使用人数最多及适用范围最广的语言，在跨语言 交流中的出现频率和分量都不可小视。鉴于汉英本身的诸多不同及同传工作的严 格当下性、“不可追溯性”及“极端孤立性”特点，汉英同传极具挑战性就不足 为奇了。 目前，国内外对汉语假宾语的研究非常有限，几近没有。本论文拟将西方对 英语假宾语（fake object）的研究作为研究汉语假宾语的参照。汉语假宾语结构 常常省略虚词，简单明了，被广泛使用于各种会议中。本文试图结合翻译顺应论 对若干次国际会议中的同传稿件进行定性分析，找出汉语假宾语对汉英同传的影 响并探索其应对策略，以更好地服务从事汉英同声传译的广大译员。 关键词：顺应论；汉英同声传译；汉语假宾语结构 Abstract The Adaptation Theory was first proposed by the secretary-general of the Belgium International Pragmatics Jef Verschueren in 1987 in her Pragmatics as a Theory of Linguistic Adaptation and further developed and improved in her Understanding Pragmatics in 1999. This theory advocates that utilization of languages is a non-continual yet unceasing selection process launched by language utters in communication under varying degrees of consciousness with regard to specific wording, expressions, logic organization, subjective intentions, etc, under ad hoc communication circumstances. Its purpose is to adapt to the constantly changing communicative needs; its core content is the dynamic adaptation of language selection process; moreover, the ultimate reason for a verbal communicator to make appropriate choices within specific communication duration is that language enjoys the following three main features, namely, variability, negotiability and adaptation. Simultaneous Interpretation (hereafter referred to as SI) as a high-end interpreting activity features that translation from source language (hereafter referred to as SL) into target language (hereafter referred to as TL) almost happens in tandem with the uttering process of the SL, with