儿童支气管哮喘急性发作195例回顾性分析-儿科学专业论文.docxVIP

儿童支气管哮喘急性发作 195 例回顾性分析 中文摘要 目的 儿童支气管哮喘是近年来十分引人关注的全球公共健康问题，也是儿童 最常见的慢性疾病，严重影响儿童的健康及生长发育。儿童哮喘的发病率约为 5%～ l0％，流行病学资料显示其发病率和病死率都有上升趋势。本研究拟通过对 195 例支气管哮喘急性发作儿童的临床资料进行分析，探讨不同年龄组哮喘急性发作 儿童的临床特点。 方法 回顾性分析 2006年1 月至 2010 年 12 月在我院儿科住院的 195 例哮喘急 性发作患儿的临床资料，病例入选标准参照中华医学会儿科分会呼吸学组 2008 年 “儿童支气管哮喘诊断与防治指南” 所规定的确诊标准。比较 5 岁前和 5 岁后 2 个年龄组患儿的临床特点，采用 SPSS 13.0 统计软件进行统计学分析，呈正态分 - 布的计量资料以χ±s 表示，两组间比较用 t 检验；计数资料用χ2检验，检验水 准取 α=0.05,以 P＜0.05 为差异有统计学意义。 结果 与≥5 岁组患儿相比，＜5 岁组患儿在秋冬季发病率更高（72.13% vs 54.79%），具有血小板计数高（287.86±90.12 vs 255.71±65.87）、住院时间长 （7.37±2.83 vs 5.57±2.62）、合并肺炎率高（27.87% vs 6.85%）及支原体感 染率高（13.11% vs 2.74%），过去 1 年喘息发作的次数多（6.03±2.40 vs 0.61 ±1.00），哮喘及时诊断率低(19.67% vs 61.64%)和治疗率低的特点（25.00% vs 71.11%）（P＜0.05）。 结论 ＜5岁组患儿在哮喘急性发作时炎症反应表现较重，更易并发肺炎和支原 体感染，哮喘及时诊断率较低，治疗依从性较差。 关键词 哮喘；急性发作；临床特点 Retrospective analysis of 195 Cases of Acute exacerbation of Bronchial asthma in Children Abstract Objective Bronchial asthma in children is a global public health problem and it is of great concern in recent years.It is the most common chronic disease in children. The health and growth of children were affected by asthma seriously.The incidence of asthma in children is between 5% and 10% approximately, the epidemiological data suggest increasing of morbidity and mortality.This study analyzed the clinical data of 195 cases of acute exacerbation of asthma in children to explore the clinical features of different age groups (＜5 years old and ≥5 years old) of children with acute exacerbation of asthma. Methods The clinical data concerning 195 cases of hospitalization children with acute exacerbation of asthma between Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2010 were retrospectively reviewed, Inclusion criteria referred to the diagnostic criteria from Bronchial asthma diagnosis and prevention and treatment guidelines in 2008, their clinical features were comparied. The data were analized by SPSS 13. 0 software . Measurement data were - showed by χ±s and were calculated by t test. Count data were calculated with χ2.It meaned s