发动机排放与城市道路超细颗粒物特性研究-动力机械及工程专业论文.docx

交通环境的交通状况、气象条件以及超细颗粒物同时进行监测，研究机 动车排气颗粒物的气象影响规律和时空分布规律，得到第一手资料，为 数据模拟等其他研究方法提供验证，并为制定降低行人和处于道路微环 境的人们对排气颗粒的暴露措施提供依据。并且通过与发动机台架试验 的对比，探讨实验室测试结果与现场测试结果的相关性与差异。表明： 道路环境下颗粒物与机动车排放密切相关，数量浓度粒径分布多呈双峰 分布，数量浓度峰值大都在(1×104～1×105) particles/cm3 之间，总数量浓 度在(1～9)×106 particles/cm3 之间；与欧美发达国家相比，我国机动车车 况较差，机动车排放污染较严重。 关键词：发动机，城市道路，超细颗粒物，排放，相关性 Experimental Study on Ultrafine Particle Characteristics of Engine Exhaust and Urban Road ABSTRACT This paper aims to experimentally study on ultrafine particle emission characteristics of engine exhaust and urban road by using the advanced model 3034 Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer. It can be found that the characteristics of number concentration, mass concentration and size distribution of ultrafine particles of engine exhaust and the exposure degree of ultrafine particles in urban road environment. Firstly, the ultrafine particle emission characteristics were studied on a direct injection two-stroke diesel engine. The impact of the different load, engine rotating speed, injector size and fuel on the number concentration, mass concentration and sixe distribution of the ultrafine particle emissions were investigated. It was shown that the number concentration and mass concentration of the ultrafine particle emissions under different working conditions are not obviously correlated. Secondly, the ultrafine particle emission characteristics were studied on a direct injection four-stroke diesel engine. The impact of the different load and engine rotating speed on the number concentration, mass concentration and size distribution of the ultrafine particle emissions were investigated. And the difference of different engine to the number concentration, mass concentration and size distribution was probed. Thirdly, field measurements in urban streets in Shanghai ( East Beijing Road Hongqiao Road ) was conducted for analyzing the characteristics of ultrafine particles. The vehicular category, traffic flow and meteorological parameters were simultaneo