发动机数字式点火控制系统的设计-电磁场与微波技术专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要 随着人们生活水平的提高和环保意识的增强，发动机在动力性、安全性和环 保性上面临着新的挑战。为满足燃料消耗量低和排放废气符合标准的要求，发动 机数字式点火系统已取代模拟式点火系统，并成为当今研究发动机点火技术的主 要内容。数字式点火技术响应速度快、控制准确、适时性好，有利于研发出在各 种工况发动机都能精确点火的系统，并且能降低系统废气排放量与燃料消耗。 本文设计了一套基于 FPGA 的发动机数字式点火系统。本系统具有点火提前 角可调范围大、点火能量高的特点，在该系统控制下发动机能适应各种工况且可 达到最佳工作状态。 本文的研究工作分为两部分： 1. 设计基于 FPGA 的发动机数字式点火系统 本文系统的设计分为软件部分和硬件电路部分。软件部分是采用模块化方法 编写 FPGA 内部结构，完成速度信号到点火信号的转换。硬件部分主要包括速度 信号采集及整形电路、FPGA 外围电路、控制字电路、储能电路、点火驱动电路 和指示灯电路。 2. 对本文设计的系统进行实验测试 在系统研发过程中，为使部分工作脱离发动机台架实验，本文分别用仿真和 硬件搭建平台产生速度信号；缺火检测实验主要是利用自制设备检测系统能否长 时间稳定工作。能量测量实验是通过测量电火花判断系统点火能量是否符合标 准。实验结果表明，本系统可靠性高、稳定性强，达到了预想的目标。 关键词：发动机；数字点火技术；FPGA；点火控制 ABSTRACT With the improvement of life level and the advancement of environment protecting, generational engine faces with new challenge in power, safety and environment protecting as the power device with the most use. To satisfy the low fuel consumption and the discharge regulation, digital engine has displaced analog engine and has been the main part in ignition system nowadays. Compared with the ignition technology already existing, digital ignition technology has three advantages: response quickly, control accurately, work effectively. It can reduce fuel consumption and discharge competence, and improve the performance of engine. A digital ignition system based on FPGA for engine is discussed in this paper. In the system, the adjustable range of ignition advance angle is flexible, and the ignition power is high. Those can make engine work in the optimum condition with any working condition. The research work of this paper mainly includes two parts： Design digital ignition system based on FPGA for engine The digital ignition system is supported by both hardware and software part. The software part designs the internal structure of FPGA in modeling method, finishing the transition from speed signal to ignition signal. The hardware part includes the circuit of speed signal gathering and reforming, the external circuit of FPGA, the circuit of signal controlling, the circ