发动机油耗光电检测技术的研究-测试计量技术及仪器专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 碳平衡法用于油耗测量，可以实现发动机的不解体检测，但现有基于碳平衡原理 的油耗检测系统存在响应时间较慢、测量链长和误差大的不足，不利于发动机在线快 速检测。 综述了国内外发动机油耗检测发展现状，研究分析了现有的碳平衡法油耗检测系 统的缺点，提出了一种排气直采光电式油耗检测系统的设计思路，该系统融合了激光 多普勒测速技术与红外光谱分析技术。 分析比较了国外基于碳平衡原理（即质量守恒定律）的油耗计算模型，肯定了欧 盟的计算模型。根据目前我国使用的 CVS 排气稀释油耗检测系统的计算公式，建立 了排气直采光电式油耗检测系统的数学模型。 通过对 CVS 排气稀释油耗检测系统的误差分析，找出影响该系统测量结果准确 度的主要因素，据此提出了排气直采光电式油耗检测系统的技术方案。使用基于 Labview 的激光多普勒测速系统测量尾气流速，计算尾气体积；设计了分光型近红外 光谱气体分析仪的光学变换装置，测量尾气中含 C 气体浓度。 对光电式油耗检测系统进行试验研究，采集试验数据。通过对光电式油耗检测系 统的不确定度分析，说明了其相对于现有油耗检测系统所具备的优越性。对试验测量 结果进行了分析和不确定度评定，其扩展不确定度为 4.54%，达到了 5%的技术要求 水平。证明了光电式油耗检测系统在油耗检测方面的可行性和可靠性。 关键词：燃油消耗量；碳平衡；激光多普勒；红外光谱；不确定度 I 山东理工大学硕士学位论文 Abstract Abstract Carbon balance method is used for fuel consumption measurement, realizing fuel consumption detecting of engine without disassembly. But existing fuel consumption detection system based on carbon balance principle has some faults, such as the slow response time, the long measuring chain and the big error. It is not conducive to engine online rapid detection. The status of development of international engine fuel consumption detecting is reviewed, and the faults of existing fuel consumption detection system is researched. A design concept of Photoelectric Fuel Consumption Detecting System is proposed, which contains Laser Doppler Velocimetry technology and Infrared Spectral Analysis technology. International fuel consumption calculation models based on carbon balance are compared, and the EU model is affirmed. According to the calculation model of CVS Fuel Consumption Detection System, the calculation model of Photoelectric Fuel Consumption Detection System is confirmed. The main influence factors of measurement accuracy of CVS Fuel Consumption Detection System are found by error analysis. The technical solution of Photoelectric Fuel Consumption Detecting System is proposed based on the analysis. Laser Doppler Velocimetry based on Labview is used to measure exhaust flow velocity, and the exhaust flow is calculated; The opticator of near infrared spec