发电厂600MW机组直接空冷系统建模与仿真-控制科学与工程;控制理论与控制工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 当今世界经济正在迅速发展，对电量消耗的增加必然需求新建更多的大容量机 组。我国存在着水煤分布不均的现象，而空冷机组的投运有效的解决了这一难题。 基于宁夏鸳鸯湖电厂 600MW 机组的运行特性，搭建了空冷系统数学模型。依据机 理建模的思想搭建了空冷系统模块化仿真模型，优化了背压的自动控制逻辑。 空冷机组的运行特性受到很多因素的影响，环境温度、冷却风量、负荷的波动 和汽轮机排气量等均很大程度上影响了机组的背压值。本文对空冷系统部分进行了 建模和仿真，并在此基础上得出了最佳的特性曲线和最佳的背压控制逻辑，为实现 机组经济性和安全性运行提供了很好的理论依据。 本文首先了解了直接空冷机组和间接空冷机组的运行流程，阐述了空冷系统中 各个组成部分之间的相互影响和相互制约关系，对空冷凝汽器和轴流风机进行了数 学建模和机理建模，得出了准确的空冷系统仿真模型。在此基础上，简化了凝汽器 的算法，绘制出机组变工况下凝汽器的特性曲线，并和实际现场运行工况进行拟合。 在仿真模型的基础上，基于鸳鸯湖电厂的实际背压控制逻辑，优化了空冷系统 自动控制逻辑和风机跳步逻辑。在机组的启动、变负荷、汽机跳闸等运行工况时， 实现了实际运行背压能很好的跟踪背压设定值这种控制效果，对实际机组有很好的 指导借鉴作用。 关键词：直接空冷凝汽器；凝汽器背压；建模仿真；设计优化。 Abstract The world economy is developing rapidly, the demand for increasing power consumption will inevitably build more large capacity units. There is a phenomenon of uneven distribution of water and coal in our country, The air cooling unit effectively solved this difficult problem. Based on the 600mw units running characteristics of ningxia yuanyang lake power plant, Air cooling system mathematical model is established. According to the ideas of the mechanism modeling , air cooling system modular simulation model is established, and the backpressure automatic control logic is optimized. Running characteristics of air cooling units are affected by many factors, environmental temperature, cooling air volume, load fluctuations and the steam turbine exhaust have a largely influence on the backpressure value of the unit. In this paper, the air cooling system part has carried on the modeling and simulation. On this basis we concluded the best characteristic curve and optimum backpressure control logic. All of that provide a good theoretical basis for the unit of economy and safety operation. In this paper we first introduced the features of the direct air cooling units the indirect air cooling units, analyzed the mutual influence restriction relationship between various components of air cooling system. We established the mathematical modeling and mechanism modeling on the air-cooled condenser and axial