激光等离子体稳相加速机制的研究.docVIP

激光等离子体稳相加速机制的研究 　　摘 要 现有激光等离子体加速机制中纵向电场对离子的有效加速长度很短(微米量级),且束流能散大,得到的离子能量较低.当采用圆偏振激光和固体靶相互作用时,如果激光的归一化光强矢量a与靶的电子面密度n??0n??cDλ??L相当时,则存在一种稳相加速机制.此时激光和等离子相互作用产生的静电场不仅可以用于加速离子,而且还可以在纵向对离子进行聚束,从而可以有效地降低束流能散.数值模拟结果表明,利用激光加速可以得到能散小于5%的单能离子束,这对激光加速器走向实际应用有着重要意义. 　　关键词 圆偏振,稳相加速,单能 　　 　　Phase\|stable acceleration in laser plasma interactions 　　YAN Xue\|Qing??1,?? SHENG Zheng\|Ming??1,2,3?? GUO Zhi\|Yu1 LU Yuan\|Rong1 CHEN Jia\|Er1 　　(1 State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) 　　(2 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China) 　　(3 Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China) 　　Abstract A new ion acceleration method called phase\|stable acceleration is proposed by use of circularly\|polarized laser pulses. When the initial target density n??0 and thickness D satisfy a??L～(n??0/n??c)D/λ??L and D1 (where a??L, λ??L, l??s, and n??c are the normalized laser amplitude, the laser wavelength in vacuum, the plasma skin depth, and the critical density of the incident laser pulse, respectively), a quasi\|equilibrium for electrons is established due to the light pressure and the electrostatic field built up at the interacting front of the laser pulse. The ions located within the skin\|depth of the laser pulse are synchronously accelerated and bunched by the electrostatic field, and thereby a monoenergetic and high intensity proton beam can be generated. 　　Keywords circularly\|polarized, phase\|stabiliged acceleration, monoenergetic 　　 　　超短强激光脉冲与物质相互作用可以产生极高的加速梯度,由此可以把其中的带电粒子(包括电子和离子)在厘米量级或者更短距离内加速到100MeV甚至GeV的能量,加速梯度至少比常规射频加速器高3个量级,从而实现台面紧凑型粒子加速.这对于很多应用具有重要价值,譬如强流高能质子可以驱动新型“快点火”核聚变[1],可以产生高能量密度物质状态[2],可进行超快成像[3]和肿瘤治疗[4],可以产生医用同位素[5]等. 　　超短超强激光与薄膜固体靶作用是产生高能质子的有效手段,其主要的物理机制是出现在靶后表面的靶面鞘层加速.激光在靶前表面产生的大量高能电子在穿过靶后与靶面鞘层的离子之间产生强电场,可对靶面鞘层离子进行加速.但大量实验表明,通过该机制产生的质子束能量较低,且能谱很宽,效率不高.这些特点限制了激光质子加