汶川地震坡地灾害勘查与集集地震比较探讨-Core.PDF

中華水土保持學報, 39(4): 403-421 (2008) Journal of Chinese Soil and Water Conservation, 39 (4):403-421 (2008) 汶川地震坡地災害勘查與集集地震比較探討 [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] 陳聯光 陳樹群 周憲德 王文能 林銘郎 摘 要 2008 年5 月12 日中國大陸四川省汶川縣於當地時間下午2 點28 分，發生規模 Ms8.0 的地震（以下稱汶川地震），震央位於北緯31.0° 、東經103.4° ，位於成都市西北西 方約70 公里，距離重慶市約360 公里，震源深度約 19 公里。據中國國務院抗震救災指揮 部統計汶川地震已造成四川、甘肅、陝西、重慶、雲南、湖北、河南、貴州、山西、湖南 等 10 省（市）417 個縣（市、區）受災；造成69,225 人遇難，374,640 人受傷，失蹤 17,939 人。房屋倒塌超過 778 萬間，房屋損壞超過2459 萬間。四川省境內因汶川大地震影響， 估計造成了超過 130 個堰塞湖，其中 34 處有災害危險的堰塞湖，倘若潰堤，將危及下游 百萬人的性命，對於地震所引致山坡地之崩塌與堰塞湖更是二次災害發生重要的原因。本 文以汶川地震重大坡地現地調查結果與921 集集地震進行相關比較，探討汶川地震未來坡 地災害所可能面臨之問題。 關鍵詞：汶川地震、集集地震、堰寒湖、減災策略、二次災害。 A Comparsion of Wenchuan Earthquake with Chichi Earthquake for Slopeland Disaster Investigation Lien-kuang Chen[1] Su-Chin Chen[2] Hsien-Ter Chou[3] Wen-Neng Wang[4] Ming-Lang Lin[5] ABSTRACT The Shchuan earthquake was also known as Wenchuan Earthquake, which measured at Ms8.0 occurred at 14:28 on May 12, 2008 in Sichuan province, China. The epicenter was at N31.0/E103.37, which was 70 km west-northwest of Chendu and over 360km from Chongqing, with a depth of 19km. This earthquake also caused damage in nearby over ten provinces and 417 counties, including Sichuan, Gansu, Haanxi, Chongqing, Yunnan, Hubei, Henan, Guizhou, Shanxi, and Hunan. Official figures (as of August 11, 2008 12:00) stated that 69,225 people were confirmed dead, 374,640 people were injured, with 17,939 listed as missing. The earthquake caused over 7.78 million buildings to collapse, and caused damage to ［1］國家災害防救科技中心助研究員 Senior Assistant Research Fellow, Slopland Disaster