推理判断题易错剖析.docVIP

推理判断题易错剖析 　　每年英语高考的阅读理解中，细节理解题和推理判断题都是两大主要考点，2014、2015年推理判断题高达7个小题，甚至超过了细节理解的题数。 　　据很多参加完高考的同学反馈，每年阅读理解的失分大部分都在推理判断题和主旨大意题上。尤其是推理判断题，题量大，难度也高，若失分多，势必极大影响高考成绩。 　　根据历年英语高考的反馈信息可知，在推理判断题上出错的原因主要体现在以下几个方面。 　　[主观臆断] 　　推理判断要求在理解原文文字信息的基础上，作出一定的推理判断，从而领会文章的隐含意义和深层意义。因此推理判断必须依据文中相关信息，从题目提问的角度结合一定的规律和线索作出合理的推断，绝不能主观臆断。 　　例1 （2016?全国卷Ⅰ） 　　24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text？ 　　A. They are highly educated. 　　B. They are truly creative. 　　C. They are pioneers. 　　D. They are peace-lovers. 　　解析 C。本文介绍了三位伟大的女性，其中Jane Addams是社会福利工作的带头人，Rachel Carson是环保运动的发起者，Sandra Day O’Connor是反对性别歧视的领头人，Rosa Parks是民权运动的推动者。由此可见，这四位女性都是不同领域的先驱。而“受过高等教育”“具有创新精神”“和平爱好者”都不是她们的共性，如果选ABD三项只能是凭空推断。 　　例2 （2016?全国卷Ⅱ） 　　Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time. His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. I was delighted at the presence of such a student. Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect（感染） other students. 　　26. What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3？ 　　A. He liked to help his teacher. 　　B. He preferred to study alone. 　　C. He was active in class. 　　D. He was imaginative. 　　解析 D。根据Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. His presence meant ... whose creativity would infect（感染） other students.可知这个孩子给作者留下的主要印象是他富有创造性。而D“富有想象力”属于创造性的范畴。有些同学仅凭文中的teaching assistant和a good part of his bedroom at home认定A或B为正确答案，但这两个选项的结论都无法从文中推断出来。因为“我”打算让他做teaching assistant不代表他喜欢帮助老师，他在家和艺术教室里放了一些他用构造玩具做出的东西不代表他喜欢独自钻研。 　　例3 （2016?全国卷Ⅰ） 　　Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices， but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard， especially knowing your adult child is struggling， but giving up the life you know may