《数字PID控制器的硬件设计》-毕业论文（设计）.doc

摘要 现代工业生产的过程中，生产规模一直在不断地扩大，对产品质量的要求也日益提高，再加上现场环境越来越复杂，使得工业过程控制系统已成为生产过程中必不可少的设备。工业控制器作为过程控制系统的核心，在现代工业过程控制中起着至关重要的作用。PID控制是迄今为止最为通用的控制方法，是经典控制理论在实际控制系统中的典型应用。作为最早发展起来的控制策略之一，PID控制算法简单、鲁棒性好、可靠性高……已经被广泛应用于工业过程控制。 随着计算机科学技术的飞速发展，人们先后将模糊控制、自适应控制、专家控制、神经网络控制等自动控制理论应用于PID控制，使PID控制的性能不断提高，可以逐步克服不能同时很好地满足稳态精度与动态稳定性，平稳性与快速性的要求以及对于存在强非线性、快速时变不确定性、强干扰性，控制效果较差等缺点，适用范围越来越广。 本文叙述了PID原理，对自整定PID控制器的设计进行了研究。PID控制器硬件核心选用了MSP430系列16位单片机和LPC2000系列ARM7内核32位单片机，在嵌入式操作系统支持下完成双路模拟量采样、输入滤波、模糊PID运算、双路模拟控制量输出、液晶显示、按键设置、多总线通讯等功能。 关键词 PID控制器；自整定；单片机 Abstract With the incessantly expanding of production scale，increasingly improving of the product quality and more complicated field environment industrial process control systems have becoming the necessary part in modem industrial production process .Industrial controller as the core of the modem industrial process control system plays a vital role of process control．By far PID control had been the most common control method，it was the classical application of control theory，in the actual control system．As one of the first practical applications control strategies，for the features of simple，robust and high reliability ,PID contro1 algorithm are widely used in industrial process contro1． With the development of computer technology, it has the fuzzy control, adaptive control, expert control, neural network PID control, automatic control theory is applied to continuously improve the performance of PID control, can gradually overcome the stability can not simultaneously satisfy state accuracy and dynamic stability, smoothness and speed of the requirements and for the existence of strongly nonlinear, fast time-varying uncertainty and strong disturbance, control less effective and other shortcomings, the scope more and more widely. The paper studied the design of self-tuning PID controller．PID Controller hardware systems use MSP430 Series MCU and LPC 2000 series of ARM732 bit microcontroller, with support of embedded operating system accomplish du