《原子力显微镜在晶体生长机理研究中的应用》-毕业论文（设计）.doc

摘 要 研究了NaCl溶液在不同初始浓度、不同温度和不同基底时结晶的表面形貌。利用原子力显微镜从介观尺度上对不同影响因素下NaCl溶液结晶样品进行了观察，利用图像处理软件Image-pro Plus处理扫描图像，分析了这几种因素对NaCl溶液结晶过程的影响，并对其成形机制和分形维数进行了探讨。研究结果表明，初始浓度越低，结晶分形花样越倾向于生成由细小的晶体颗粒组成的树枝状结构。随着初始浓度的增大，结晶分形花样聚集程度越来越高，生成的枝叉状结构越来越大，并且结晶中有许多立方体结构。比较结晶花样的分形维数，发现较低初始浓度结晶的分形花样的分形维数与Koch曲线类似，较高初始浓度结晶的分形花样的分形维数符合扩散受限聚集（Diffusion-limited aggregation，DLA）模型的结果。随着结晶初始浓度的增大，分形维数逐渐增大。温度影响了结晶的速率，结晶速率大，则结晶中心增多，晶体长得细小，且往往长成针状、树枝状。反之，结晶速率小，晶体长得粗大。表面平整度影响着结晶的表面形貌。而且，表面的平整度会影响溶液的流动，从而影响NaCl晶粒的聚集行为，对分形花样的形成起到一定的作用。 关键词：NaCl溶液；结晶；分形维数；扩散受限聚集机制 Abstract The HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e8%a1%a8%e9%9d%a2%e5%bd%a2%e8%b2%8ctjType=sentencestyle=t=surface+topography surface topography of HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(jd_t,j_) sodium chloride solutions crystallization was studied in different initial concentration, different temperature and different basement. The HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e8%a1%a8%e9%9d%a2%e5%bd%a2%e8%b2%8ctjType=sentencestyle=t=surface+topography surface topography of sodium chloride solutions crystallization samples were observed from meso scale under different affecting factors by atomic force microscope, and using the Image-pro Plus to processing the scan images. Analyzing the influence of the several factors to the process of HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(jd_t,j_) sodium chloride solutions crystallization, the forming mechanism and the fractal dimension were discussed. The results of the study show that the lower of the initial concentration of the HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(jd_t,j_) sodium chloride solutions, the more tend to generate HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(jd_t,j_) dendritic structure fractal pattern consisting of small crystal particles. Along with the increase of the initial concentration of the HYPERLINK javascript:showjdsw(jd_t,j_) sodium chloride solutions, the HYPERLINK /dict_result.aspx?searchword=%e8%81%9a%e9%9b%86%e7%a8%8b%e5%ba%a6tjType=sentencestyle=t=aggregation+degree aggregation degree of the fractal pa