2离子液体电解质体系电沉积铝-有色金属科学与工程.docVIP

基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(551322406)；中央高校基本科研业务费（ 作者简介：钟熊伟，1989，男，江西赣州人，硕士，研究方向：离子液体合成与应用；联系作者：石忠宁，znshi@mail.neu.edu.cn 离子液体电解质体系铝及铝合金电沉积与铝精炼研究进展 钟熊伟1，熊婷1，陆俊2，石忠宁*1，胡宪伟1，高炳亮1，王兆文1 1．东北大学材料与冶金学院，沈阳， 110004 2．天泰焊材（昆山）有限公司，江苏昆山， 215321 摘要：传统上，铝、稀土和碱金属及碱土金属等活泼金属主要是通过高温熔盐电解法得到，其电解工艺流程能耗高。近几年来，对离子液体的不断深入研究，提出离子液体为电解质体系用于金属铝、铝精炼和铝合金。综述目前采用离子液体体系进行铝及铝合金电沉积，粗铝、铝合金和铝基复合材料电解精炼回收铝的研究现状和研究进展。介绍和评述离子液体电解质电沉积、精炼铝的应用情况和所取得的研究成果，探讨离子液体电解质用于铝行业的发展趋势和研究动向。 关键词：离子液体；电沉积；精炼；铝 Research progress on electro-deposition and electro-refining of aluminum and aluminum alloy in ionic liquids ZHONG Xiong-wei1，XIONG Ting1，LU Jun2，SHI Zhong-ning1，HU Xian-wei1，GAO Bing-liang1，WANG Zhao-wen1 1．School of Materials and Metallurgy，Northeastern University，Shenyang，110004，China 2．Tiantai Welding Group China， Kunshan， 215321，China Abstract：Traditionally, most active metals, such as aluminum, rare earth metals, alkali metals, are reduced by electrolysis process in molten salt at high temperature, which makes the process run with high energy consumption for metal production. Recently, with the development of the using of ionic liquids, the production of aluminum, aluminum alloys and aluminum refining in the ionic liquids electrolyte system have been reported. The state of the art of aluminum electro-deposition, aluminum alloys electro-codeposition and aluminum electro-refining from its scrap materials in the ionic liquids electrolyte system, are reviewed in this paper. The application and development of ionic liquids for aluminum electro-deposition and electro-refining are introduced and evaluated. By an analysis of the disadvantage and advantage of the ionic liquids using in aluminum electro-deposition and electro-refining, the development trend and suggestion are proposed based on the current research progress. Key words：ionic liquids; electro-deposition; electro-refining; aluminum 1 前言 在电化学冶金领域，非活泼金属如Cu、Zn等可在水溶液中电解获得，其电解温度低，能耗低。而活泼金属如金属铝、稀土、碱金属和碱土金属等的生产制备一般通过熔盐电解制备[1]，电解温度高，电流效率低，能耗大。譬如，金属镁生产是在575-70