foueier optics课件c7wavefont modulation.ppt

Chapter 7Wavefront Modulation Attention is focused on methods for spatially modulating optical wavefields, especially coherent fields Analysis and synthesis In Fourier analysis a signal is decomposed into its constituent frequency spectrum In inverse Fourier transform a signal can be synthesised by adding up its constituent frequencies The tools of linear systems and frequency analysis are useful in the analysis of optical systems The theory becomes much more significant if it can be applied to synthesis problems as well Synthesis and modulation In order to synthesize linear optical systems with desired properties, the ability to manipulate light waves is needed (1)Introduce information into an optical system amplitude in coherent systems intensity in incoherent systems (2)Modify and manipulate the complex optical fields transmitted through the focal plane of a lens Modulation methods Attention is focused on methods for spatially modulating optical wavefields, especially coherent fields The traditional means of modulation has been through the use of photographic materials The much more powerful is spatial light modulator (SLM) capable of changing transmitted light in real time in response to optical or electrical control signals 7.1 WAVEFRONT MODULATION WITH PHOTOGRAPHIC FILM Film can play three very fundamental roles in optics a detector of optical radiation a storage medium for images a spatial modulator of transmitted or reflected light 7.1.1 The Physical Processes of Exposure, Development, and Fixing Structure of a photographic film or plate Light incident on the emulsion initiates a complex physical process If a photon is absorbed, an electron-hole pair is released within the grain The resulting electron becomes trapped at a crystal dislocation The trapped electron electrostatically attracts a silver ion The electron and the silver ion combine to form a single atom of metallic silver at the dislocation site. The lifetime of this combination is rather short M