汽车专业英语翻译综合.pdfVIP

第一章 汽车总论 1) Today’s average car contains more than 15,000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body, engine, chassis and electrical equipment 。 P1 现在的车辆一般都由15000 多个分散、独立且相互配合的零部件组成。这些零部件主要分 为四类：车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。 2) The engine acts as the power unit. The internal combustion engine is most common: this obtains itspower by burning a liquid fuel inside the engine cylinder.There are two types of engine: gasoline (also called a spark-ignition engine) and diesel (also called a compression-ignition engine). Both engines are called heat engines; the burning fuel generates heat which causes the gas inside the cylinder to increase its pressure and supply power torotatea shaft connectedtothepower train. P3 发动机作为动力设备，常见的类型是内燃机，其原理是通过发动机缸内的液体燃料燃烧而 产生能量。发动机可分为两类：汽油机 （点燃式）和柴油机 （压燃式），都属于热力发动 机。燃料燃烧产生热量使缸内气压上升，产生的能量驱动轴旋转，并传递给动力传动系。 第二章 内燃机 1) Power train system:conveysthedrivetothewheels 2) Steering system:controlsthedirection ofmovement 3) Suspension system:absorbstheroad shocks 4) Braking system:slowsdownthevehicle P4 传动系把发动机输出的扭矩传递给驱动轮。传动系包括离合器 （对应机械变速器）或液力 变矩器 （对应液力自动变速器）、变速器、驱动轴、主减速器、差速器和驱动桥。 5) Drum brakeshave a drum attached tothewheel hub, andbraking occursby means ofbrake shoes expanding against the inside of the drum. With disc brakes, a disc attached to the wheelhub isclenchedbetween twobrakepads. P6 鼓式制动器的制动鼓和轮毂连接，制动蹄张开压紧制动鼓内侧从而产生制动。在盘式制动 器上，连着轮毂的制动盘被紧紧夹在两个制动块之间。 1) Linking the piston by a connecting rod to a crankshaft causes the gas to rotate the shaft through half a turn.The power strokeuses upthe gas,so means must be provided to expel the burnt gas and recharge the cylinder with a fresh petrol-air mixture:this control of gas movement is the duty of the valves;An inlet valve allows the mixture to enter at the right timeandan exhaustvalveletsouttheburnt gasafter thegashasdoneitsjob . P10