2018年高中一年级英语定语从句讲解.docVIP

WORD格式整理 PAGE 专业知识分享 定语从句讲解 1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。???1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that,?which,?who,?whom,?whose,?as等；关系副词有when,?where,?why等。?????2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： ?The?man?who?is?shaking?hands?with?my?father?is?a?policeman.??该句, who?is??shaking?hands?with?my?father?是定语从句，修饰先行词the?man，?“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the?man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句1．who??指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。The?boys?who?are?playing?football?are?from?Class?One.???? Yesterday?I?helped?an?old?man?who?had?lost?his?way.??????昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。2．whom??指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 The?professor?(?whom?)?you?are?waiting?for?has?come.??????你正在等的教授已经来了。The?girl?(?whom?)?the?teacher?often?praises?is?our?monitor.?????注意：关系代词whom?在口语或非正式文体中常可用who?来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。???????The?man?(?whom?/?who?)you?met?just?now?is?my?old?friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.（whom不可省略） which?指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football?is?a?game?which?is?liked?by?most?boys.??? This?is?the?pen?(?which?)?he?bought?yesterday.??? He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry.4．that?指人时，相当于who?或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The?number?of?people?that?/?who?come?to?visit?this?city?each?year?reaches?one?million.??? Where?is?the?man?(that?/?whom)?I?saw?this?morning????我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？Yesterday?I?received?a?letter?that?/?which?came?from?Australia.??? 5．whose??通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I?visited?a?scientist?whose?name?is?known?all?over?the?country.?我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。I?once?lived?in?the?house?whose?roof?has?fallen?in.???我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替：We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__