科技英文写作中的常见问题.pptVIP

1. “a, an, the” Examples of incorrect usages: Incorrect Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main and splitter blades. Correct Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface of the main and splitter blades. Incorrect The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be a 3D modeling tool; it is good at dealing with free surfaces and curves. Correct The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be the 3D modeling tool; it is good at dealing with free surfaces and curves. a, an, the的用法 不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源 1) 表示“一个” There is a book on the table. 2) 代表一类人或物 A knife is a tool for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer. 定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。定冠词的用法: 　1）特指双方都明白的人或物：Take the medicine. 2）上文提到过的人或事：He bought a house. I've been to the house. 3）指世上独一物二的事物：the sun，the sky，the earth 4）单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar; the fox ；或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人：the rich ; the living 。 　5）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词only， very， same等前面： 　　Where do you live? I live on the second floor. 　　That's the very thing I've been looking for. 　6）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：They are the teachers of this school.指全体教师They are teachers of this school. 指部分教师 7）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前 She caught me by the arm. 8）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前： 　　the People's Republic of China , the United States 9）用在表示乐器的名词之前： She plays the piano. 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人 　　the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) 11) 用在惯用语中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next morning, in the sky (water, field, country), in the dark, in the rain, in the distance, in the middle (of), in the end, on the whole, by the way, go to the theatre 冠词口诀 冠词分为定冠、不定冠， 　　不定冠词a和an，“—”的含义表泛指 表示特指要用the，次序、方位、最高级 　　世上物体独一个，人或事物再次提 　　以下情况冠词免，学科球类三顿饭 　　名词复数表泛指，季节星期月份前 单数可数名词前必须要加冠词 复数可加可不加，意思不同 不可数名词可以加定冠词，用于特指 ? 2. Prefacing the main idea of a sentence by stating the purpose