第1章 《工程学》结论.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * 本章目标 chapter objectives 工程力学研究什么问题 ? What is the contents of engineering mechanics? 工程力学怎样研究问题？ How to study the knowledge of engineering mechanics? 工程力学的研究对象是什么？ What is the studied object of engineering mechanics? 工程力学的研究对象 The studied objects of engineering mechanics 刚体 rigid body 就是在力的作用下，大小和形状都不变的物体 There is no deformation whenever a body subjected to any force 变形体 deformable body 在外力作用下，一切固体都将发生变形（尺寸和形状）,故称为变形体。 It will tend to create the change of shape and size whenever a body subjected to any force,we caller the changes deformation and the body is called deformable solid body. 如图所示桥式起重机的主梁、吊钩、钢丝绳；悬臂吊车架的横梁AB， 斜杆CD都是工程力学的研究对象，工程上称为构件 。 The crane is shown as in Fig 1-1,the principle beam, pothook,steel cord ,the beam AB and the member CD are all studied bodies ,they are called elements in engineering. 工程力学的研究内容 The contents of engineering mechanics 静力学 statics 主要研究刚体在力作用下的平衡问题，即根据力系平衡条件 分析平衡刚体的受力情况，确定各未知力的大小和方向，是 构件承载能力计算的基础。 Statics deals with the equilibrium of bodies,that is ,those that are either at rest or move with a constant velocity.the first step to solving most mechanics problems requires drawing a diagram ,this step is particularly important when solving equilibrium problems,and for this reason drawing free-body diagrams is strongly emphasized throughout the book. 物体的受力分析 the analysis of forces acted to the bodies 力系的等效简化 equivalent reduction of force systems 本篇主要研究三方面问题 we will study three problems in this part 力系的平衡条件及其应用 conditions and applying of equilibrium of force systems 工程静力学（statics）的理论和方法不仅是工程构件静力设计 的基础，而且在解决许多工程技术问题中有着广泛应用。 The principles and methods of statics are the basis of design, They are widely applied in many engineering technology problems. 建立的力学模型 force model established 发动机原理图 Work principle of motor 静力学分析过程 procedures of analysis of statics NA NB NO NA’ M N1 N2 NB’ 构件承载能力计算(材料力学) The analysis of ability of the members subjected to the loads 主要研究变形固体的强度和刚度问题，为机械零件确定合