英语国家社会与文化入门上册知识要点整理.doc

Unit1.（选择、判断、填空） 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack 2.The capital of each country : England London Scotland Edinburgh Wales Cardiff Northern Ireland Belfast The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland surrounding isles UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain : At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire. Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years. the Angle-Saxon invaded. Result: The land they lived became Angle-land,later changed into England, the language they spoken became English. the Vikings invaded. Result in a certain cultural divide between northerners and southerners in England, which can be expressed as Saxon versus Dane. the Normans , William of Normandy invaded this country. Result: This marks the last time that an army from outside the British Isles succeeded in invading London: (P18) Unit2（选择、判断、填空） Northern Ireland (often called Ulsterafter an ancient Irish kingdom) Activities to seek Irish independence : Home -rule The Easter Rising of 1916: was the most spectacular event, in which the rebels took over Dublins Post Office, forcing the British to retake it by military means. 2.Political parties: the Sinn Fein party legal SDLP: Social Democratic and Labour Party IRA: Irish Republican Army (illegal) Political troubles in Northern Ireland (famous): Indigenous Roman Catholics vs. Protestant immigrates Partition(分割) : The southern 26 counties would form an independent free state, while the 6 north-eastern counties would remain a part of the UK. (即26 Republic Ireland ,6 Northern Ireland ) 4.the