电气化铁路隧道微波防冰研究.docxVIP

电气化铁路隧道微波防冰研究 　　摘 要： 对电气化铁路隧道的防冰问题进行研究，提出非接触式微波致热防冰方法。该方法通过天线发射微波加热隧道裂缝渗水处的混凝土，使得渗水处温度上升，温升超过5 ℃，促使渗水区跨越-5～0 ℃这一水凝结成冰的温度区段，防止渗水凝结成冰，实现隧道防冰目的。同时对微波频率、天线输入功率与隧道微波防冰效率的关系进行仿真研究。结果表明，将 GHz，2 000 W微波馈入天线，延时4 443 s，渗水处温升达到5 ℃。天线输入功率越大，温升越快；相同条件下， GHz的防冰效率较 GHz高，前者为后者的倍，频率越高，温升越快。　　关键词： 铁路隧道； 微波防冰； 效率温升； 电气化； 非接触式； 防冰效率　　中图分类号： TN99?34； +3 文献标识码： A 文章编号： 1004?373X07?0106?05　　Research on microwave anti?icing for electrified railway tunnel　　WANG Yongliang， ZHONG Xuanming， LIAO Cheng， LI Junye， FENG Ju　　　　Abstract： The anti?icing problem of electrified railway tunnel is studied， and a non?contact anti?icing method with microwave heating is proposed. In this method， the microwave emitted by antenna heats the concrete at the water seepage area rise of tunnel， which makes the temperature at the water seepage area rise. When the temperature rise is above 5 ℃， the temperature of the water seepage area will stride across the range of -5～0 ℃ to prevent water from freezing， which can realize the tunnel anti?icing. The relationship among the microwave anti?icing efficiency of tunnel， antenna input power and microwave frequency is simulated. The results show that the GHz， 2 000 W microwave is fed into the antenna， its delay is 4 443 s， the temperature rise at the water seepage area can reach up to 5 ℃. The greater the antenna input power is， the higher the temperature rise becomes. Under the same conditions， the anti?icing efficiency of GHz microwave is higher than that of the GHz microwave， the former is times of the latter， and the higher the frequency is， the faster the temperature rise becomes.　　Keywords： railway tunnel； microwave anti?icing； efficiency temperature rise； electrification； non?contact； anti?icing efficiency　　0 引 言　　目前，我国已有铁路隧道50 000多座，随着时间的推移，大多隧道会出现细微的裂缝，形成渗水。在冬季，由于气温较低，水流至隧道顶壁时很快会凝结，形成冰柱，这种现象称为隧道挂冰。随着水珠的不断流出，挂冰越来越长，与接触网的绝缘距离越来越短，极易造成电气化铁路接触网设备高压接地短路故障，对隧道供电安全构成极大威胁，轻则使接触网线索烧伤断股，重则将导致断线塌网，中断铁路运输[1]。为了保证供电安全，牵引供电运营单位针对冬季隧道除冰采取了很多措施，但就目前来看效果不太理想，因隧道顶部结冰造