基于AVR单片机的汽车空调控制系统设计-车辆工程专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 随着人民生活水平的提高和汽车工业的发展，汽车空调作为提高汽车乘坐舒适性 的重要部件，越来越受到汽车厂商和消费者的重视。汽车空调系统可以自动调节车内 空气的温度、湿度、清洁度、风速等，从而使车内空气以一定速度和方向流动，乘员 可以感觉到一个良好的气候，在各种外界气候条件下，车内人员都能处于舒适的环境 之中，提高了乘坐的舒适性。 汽车空调系统具有非线性和大干扰，建立精确的数学模型比较困难，采用传统的 控制方式难以取得满意的效果。本文利用模糊控制理论对汽车空调车室内温度调节系 统进行研究。根据模糊控制规则库的分解原则，把整个模糊控制器分成两个两输入单 输出的模糊控制系统。 首先将车内温度与设定温度差值(设定值与实际值)及其变化率作为模糊控制输 入量，并对输入量进行模糊化和量化。按照输入模糊隶属函数确定各种输入信号的隶 属度。其次，根据实际经验确定模糊控制规则并确定相应的模糊输出。最后，按照输 出模糊隶属函数将模糊输出量转变为精确的输出量，从而对风机和混合风门进行控 制。 最后，利用 Matlab/Simulink 的模糊控制工具箱设计了模糊控制器。根据输入输 出的要求，利用 AVR 单片机对系统进行硬件电路设计，并对系统主程序和各子程序 进行软件设计。 关键词：单片机 模糊控制 汽车空调 I II ABSTRACT With the upturn of the people’s living standard and the development of automobile industry, automobile air-conditioner as an important part to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle, it is more and more valued by the manufacturer and the customer. Automobile air conditioner system can automatically adjust the vehicle air temperature, humidity, cleanliness, wind speed, etc., so that can make a certain vehicle speed and direction of air flow, the crew can feel a good climate.In a variety of outside weather conditions, the ride comfort of vehicle can be improved and the staff can be in a comfortable environment. Due to non-linearity and large disturbance of automobile air-conditioner system, it is dificult to build exactitude mathematics model and get satisfied purpose by traditional control mode. This paper uses the logic fuzzy control theory to research on intelligent control to the indoor temperature regulating system of the automobile air-conditioner. According to decomposition principle of the fuzzy conrtol rule base, This article divides the entire controller into two inputs and single output system. First of all, we take the temperature difference (hypothesis temperature and vehicle indoor temperature) and change rate of the difference as input parameters, and carried on fuzzy processing and quantization to input parameters. Then we establish fuzzy membership grade of the inputs according to fuzzy