介电弹性体致动器及其研究-精密机械与仪器专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACTDielectric ABSTRACT Dielectric elastomer iS a new electroactive material．An actuator made of dielectric elastomer film coated with compliant electrodes on both sides will compress in thickness and expand in area．This thesis introduces the working principle of the actuators，and then gives a detailed fabrication technique using acrylic films． In this thesis，we study the performances of acrylic film actuators， research the relations of driving voltage with pressure、strain、time response and effects of fabrication techniques on these relations． Experiments show that the key to get a dielectric elastomer actuator with excellent performance is to introduce a suitable large pre—strain．The larger pre—strain can improve the sensitivity of driven voltage as well as dynamic response．The pre—strain should be applied uniformly，or the film will break down in thinner regions at low electric field，which will whittle the actuators’ performance． Dielectric elastomer actuators have more than 200％areal deformation， SO electrodes must be very compliant and endurant．The thesis studies graphite—electrodes and emphasized on effects of electrode composition、their proportions and electrode curing degree on performances of electrode．From experimental result we conclude that electrode which cured for short time will decrease the breakdown voltage of actuator，SO it can’t be adopted．We also discussed the potential forms of electrodes． The experiments indicate that dielectric elastomer actuators based on acrylic films have excellent overall performances．Due to their simple configuration、low cost、large area strain、high dynamic response，dielectric elastomer actuators are hopeful to be applied in wide field． Key Key words：dielectric elastomer，artificial muscle，actuator，electroactive polymer，acrylic，smart material 中国科学技术大学硕士学位论文第一章绪论 中国科学技术大学硕士学位论文 第一章绪论 1．1 EAP的发展现状 有许多类型的聚合物，它们都有在外部刺激下改变的性质。一些聚合物在不 同形式的激励下展示了体积或者形状的改变。物质中存在着分子力，它表现为分 子排斥力使聚合物网络膨胀，或吸引力使聚合物网络收缩，而聚合物在外界刺激 下的变形就是由这种分子排斥力和吸引力之间