文学伦理学批评与道德批评.pdfVIP

文学伦理学批评与道德批评 : 从方法论的角度说, 文学伦理学批评是在借鉴吸收伦理学方法基础上融合文学 研究方法而形成的一 用于研究文学的批评方法, 不仅要对文学史上的各 文学描写的道 德现象进行历史的辩证的阐释, 而且要坚持用现实的道德价值观对当前文学描写的道德现 象作出价值判断欧洲的文学从荷马史诗开始其性质就是伦理的, 因此古代希腊最早的文 学批评采取了道德批评的立场, 善恶的判断成了评价文学的基本标准柏拉图从现实的道 德观念出发批评作家和作品, 并按照他当时的道德标准评价作家及其作品的好坏, 因此他使 用的是道德批评的方法亚里士多德批评文学的观点接近我们提出的文学伦理学批评的观 点文学伦理学批评与道德批评的研究对象大体相同, 但在研究方法目的以及可能获得的 结论上迥然不同, 本文以5哈姆莱特6为例对此进行了充分阐释另 一方面, 文学伦理学批 评在视角上虽然基本上是历史主义的, 但并不排斥结合新的理论和方法( 如生态理论) 从比 较的角度去研究文学 : 文学伦理学批评 道德批评 柏拉图 亚里士多德 5哈姆莱特6 : 聂珍钊, 华中师范大学文学院外国语学院教授, 博士生导师, 5外国文学研究6杂 志主编, 中国外国文学学会副会长, 主要研究英国文学英语诗歌和比较文学 T itle: On E thical L iterary C rit icism and M oral Criticism Abs tract: In term s o f m ethodology, eth ica l literary criticism is an approach to literary criticism deve loped on the basis of the introdu ction o f e th ica lm ethods and the assmi ilation o f them into the texture o f literary critica l m ethods It is u sed not on ly to interpret the m oral phenom ena recorded in literature on a h istorical and dia lect ic basis, but a lso to m ake valu e judgm ent o f those in the present literature based on the m oral va lu es in the rea lity In na ture Europ ean literature since H o- m er. s ep ics is eth ica l and thus the earliest G reek literary critic ism took the standpo int of m oral crit icism, of wh ich the ju dgm ent of good and evil serves as the essential criterion P lato tended to crit icize literary w ork s b ased on the m oral valu es in the reality and to judge the qua lity o f literary w ork s acco rd ing to the m oral codes o f his tmi es, and thu s he took an approach of m ora l crit icism A risto tle, how ever, took a d ifferent v iew o f literary critic ism th at is closer to w hat w e advanced as dethical literary criticism d and Poetics is the great practice o f literary crit icism But the eth ica l lit- erary criticism is som ew hat different from th