角钢塔中构造节点的力学性能对其内力分布的影响研究-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘 要 I I 摘 要 输电铁塔是大型超静定结构，节点的力学性能会影响构件的内力分布。传统的 分析设计方法通常将节点连接假定为刚接或者铰接，这与铁塔的真实受力状况存在 差异，大量的真型塔试验结果表明，采用传统空间桁架模型计算得到的构件内力与 试验结果之间有时存在很大差异。 为了研究构造节点的力学性能对角钢塔内力分布的影响，本文设计并加工了试 验所需的铁塔模型以及试验加载装置，提出了试验研究方案，完成了数据采集系统 的调试，对应变片的贴片方法进行了验证，并对其拉、弯和扭三种载荷工况进行了 试验研究，获得了铁塔主要构件的轴向应变，并与传统桁梁混合模型的分析结果进 行了对比分析。 本文采用 ANSYS 有限元分析软件，提出了在输电铁塔结构分析中引入考虑斜 材连接半刚性、连接偏心的方法和螺栓连接滑移影响的非线性迭代方法，选择了五 种节点连接滑移模型，推导并给出了构件轴向刚度的等效折减方法，基于 APDL 编 程语言，建立了该铁塔的参数化有限元模型，并对铁塔内力进行了分析，得到了主 要构件的轴力。通过试验结果和有限元分析结果的对比分析，发现斜材的连接偏心 和连接半刚性对构件轴力的影响很小，而螺栓连接滑移是造成主要构件轴力与试验 结果存在差异的原因，本文所采用的等效刚度折减模型与试验结果更为接近，提高 了铁塔结构内力分析结果的精确度。 关键词：格 构 式 角 钢 塔 ；内 力 分 布 ；连 接 偏 心 ；连 接 滑 移 ；试 验 研 究 ；有 限 元分析 II II Abstract Transmission tower is a large statically indeterminate structure, nodes’ mechanical properties will affect members’ internal force distribution. Nodes’ connection are usually assumed to be rigid connection or articulated connection in traditional methods, but that is different from the real force status, and the differences are proved by large number of tower tests’ results. In order to study the nodes’ mechanical properties’ influence on angle steel tower’s internal force distribution, the tower model and loading device are designed, experiment plan was proposed, strain gauges’ paste method was verified, tower’s main components’ axial strain was got and was compared with traditional truss and beam method’s results. In the transmission tower structural analysis, this paper proposed introducing semi-rigid connection, eccentric connection and Joint slippage nonlinear iterative methods, there selected five joint slippage models and deduced members’ axial stiffness equivalent reduction method. The tower’s parameterized finite element model was built with APDL-based programming languages, and analyzed the tower’s internal force, got the main members’ axial force. Comparing the finite element method’s results with traditional method’s results, it showed that diagonal members’ semi-rigid connection and eccentric connection have little