M3U3语法主谓一致.doc

PAGE PAGE 1 主谓一致 主谓一致的语法一致原则 1.以-s结尾的国名、地名或学科名作主语时，形式上是复数，但是谓语动词用单数。 Her mathematics/politics/physics/ is weak. The news was so exciting. The economics here is developing very quickly. 2. 有些主语单数形式，但复数意义，（crowd, police,cattle,the public）谓语动词用复数。 The crowd were shouting loudly. 3.clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area. 4. 主语是“a series of , a kind of , a piece of , a pair of等+名词”结构时，谓语动词用单数。 This pair of glasses is very expensive. This kind of book(=a book of this kind) sells well. 5. “a number of +名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用复数；“the number of+名词复数”作主语谓语动词用单数 The number of people invited was fifty, but a number of them were absent for different reasons. 6. 主语后有with, together with, along with, except, besides, as well as,including, in addition to, but, rather than, like 等短语时，谓语动词的数要和这些短语前面的名词的单复数保持一致。 Mr. Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. 7. 表示单一概念的动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。但是what引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要取决于作表语的名词的单复数。 When and where to go for the on-salary holiday has not been decided yet. What we need is more time. What we need are doctors. 8. something, everything, nothing等作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。 When he came back, nothing was the same as before. 9.名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、住宅等，作主语时，动词一般用单数。常见的省略名词的有the baker’s, the barber’s, the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s等 The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。 My uncle’s is not far from here. 我叔叔家离这儿不远。 注意：表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。 Richardson’s have a lot of goods to sell. 10.every/each/no+名词单数 and every/each/no+名词单数作主语时，谓语动词仍用单数；但each放在由and连接的并列单数主语之后，修饰复数概念的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Every boy and every girl likes English. Milk , cream and bread each are my favorite. 11.“one and a half+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 12.“more than one +名词单数或many a +名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；More+复数名词+than one+V复数。 13. 由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. 14. “the only one of+名词复数+定语从句谓语动词用单数；one of +名词复数+定从