考虑反向器影响的滚珠丝杠副摩擦力矩计算模型-机械工程学报.PDF

第 52 卷第 7 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.52 No.7 2016 年 4 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Apr. 2016 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2016.07.097 考虑反向器影响的滚珠丝杠副摩擦力矩计算模型* 王 恒 张俊杰 王永泉 陈花玲 (西安交通大学机械工程学院 西安 710049) 摘要：基于赫兹接触和弹性碰撞理论，分别对滚珠丝杠副反向器入口和出口处滚珠的微观动态行为和受力平衡状态进行分析， 揭示滚珠进出反向器时的碰撞和预紧受压对摩擦力矩的影响机理，建立同时考虑反向器入口及出口处影响的滚珠丝杠副摩擦 力矩计算模型，并对某型丝杠进行了不同工况下的试验测试。对比分析表明，滚珠进出反向器产生的摩擦力矩是丝杠副摩擦 力矩的重要组成部分，计入反向器的影响可以大幅提高摩擦力矩计算精度；其中反向器入口处因滚珠的连环碰撞使得其对摩 擦力矩影响较大，而出口处的影响则相对较小。利用模型计算所得摩擦力矩，在不同转速及轴向载荷下均与实测值吻合良好， 表明模型具有较高的计算精度。 关键词：滚珠丝杠；摩擦力矩；反向器；赫兹理论；弹性碰撞 中图分类号：TH132 A Calculation Model for Friction Torque of Ball Screws Considering the Influence of Reversers WANG Heng ZHANG Junjie WANG Yongquan CHEN Hualing (School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049) Abstract ：A theoretical model for calculating the friction torque of ball screw considering the influences of the reverser is presented. Based on the theories of Hertz contact and elastic collision, the dynamic behavior and force conditions of the steel balls at the entrance and exit of the reverser, are analyzed respectively, explaining how the elastic collision and the preloaded pressure affect the friction torque when the balls are entering or leaving the reverser. Then, experimental tests are performed for a certain type of ball screw under different working conditions (i.e., rotating speed and axial load). Comparative analyses indicate that the additional friction torque caused by the reverser is an important part of the ball screw’s total friction torque, and the influence of the entrance is relatively greater than that of the exit, mainly due to the pileups betwe