含粘性的统一暗流体模型与球状塌缩-理论物理专业论文.docxVIP

ViSCOUS ViSCOUS Unified Dark Fluid Models and Spherical Collapse Abstract In the recent years，a mass of cosmic observations(such as type Ia supernova,cosmic microwave background radiation，and matter power spectra，etc．)strongly suggest that the Present universe is undergoing an accelerating expansion，and this accelerated expansion 1S pushed by an unknoWn dark fluid which takes up about 96％of cosmic total energy．Usually this dark fluid is separated into two parts：dark matter and dark energy．However，the present gravitational probe cannot distinguish these two components effectively(this problem is dubbed as dark degeneracy)，and SO far there are no reliable physics principle to support any form of decomposition．This situation inspires scholars to put forward some unified models to studv the universe．The common features of these models are that they regard the medium which permeating the universe as a perfect fluid，and that the perturbations are adiabatic· With the contradiction betⅥreen the cosmological observations and the theoretical models coming out，some authors suggest that the non-adiabatic perturbations should be considered· That is to saY,the medium of universe may be not a perfect fluid but a non-perfect fluid with viscositv．These viscous models are popular since they make the non-adiabatic perturbations become their intrinsic properties． In this paper，we will mainly study cosmological constrains Oil the viscous unified dark 日uid models and investigate the effect of bulk viscosity on the formation of the large-scale structure of the universe． Firstly，we outline the development history,research contents and background of the cosmology．Then，the main astronomical observations and some familiar cosmological models 3xe introduced．Our main researches 8fie the third chapter，the forth chapter and the appendix．In the third chapter，we investigate a viscous generalized ChaDlygin gas model，and consider the perturbations of bulk viscosity for the first time· ot Through obs