国际钢铁产业转移及中国应对策略研究-国际贸易学专业论文.docxVIP

1 1 2 2 中 文 摘 要 20 世纪 50 年代以来，随着世界经济的发展和科学技术水平的提高，世界产 业结构不断调整。同时，国际产业转移迅猛发展，成为世界各国相互联系、互相 影响的重要纽带。发达国家通过产业转移调整产业结构，实现全球战略目标。发 展中国家可以通过承接产业转移加快产业结构的升级，促进对外贸易的发展。 钢铁产业的转移通过跨国钢铁公司这个载体，以绿地投资、并购和战略联盟 的形式逐步向发展中国家的大国转移，在转移的浪潮中，中国正式树立了钢铁大 国的地位。出口数量自 2006 年来稳居第一，出口的地理方位更加广阔，出口的 钢铁产品构成也日趋多元化。在通过对国内钢铁产业与下游产业的相关性分析中 得出，中国不仅有着强大的国际需求，国内需求也十分强劲，在保持经济稳健增 长的今天，中国钢铁产业的前景仍然明朗。 然而，美国的次贷危机于 2008 年底席卷全球，并且危机已经一步步深入到 实体经济。在金融危机的影响下，世界经济开始下滑，全球钢铁需求呈现萎缩， 企业的经济效益也亮起了红灯。此外，在能源进一步稀缺的今天，得到钢铁产业 的原材料如铁矿石等资源的难度继续增加，甚至我国钢铁企业在铁矿石谈判中一 度陷入僵局。这些不利因素使我国的钢铁强国之路难上加难，对我国钢铁产业的 发展也是严峻的考验。因此，在承接国际钢铁产业转移的过程中，宏观把握政府 层面，合理发展微观企业是一直要遵守的应对策略。 关键词：产业转移 钢铁产业 跨国公司 Abstract As the world economy and the technology developed fast since 1950’s, the international steel industries’ structure adjusted step by step. In the mean time, the industries transfer followed, became the bridges of the different countries also influenced the world economy. The developing countries realized their targets through these industries transfer, promote the international trade development by carrying on the transfer to update the industry structure. The multinational national companies are the platforms for this steel industries transfer, and they finish these mission by Greenfield investment, Merging and Strategic alliance. During this transfer storm, China has established the big steel country status, in 2006, China won the Top one in steel exporting, also the destinations became more and more widely, the steel products turned diversities. Upon the Regression Analysis, we concluded the huge demand from China, not only from domestic but also from the whole world. China’s steel industry is still bright as long as keeping the economy steadily growth. But because of the economy crisis in late 2008, some relevant industries had been threatened. The world economy slipped down, the demand of steel followed, the profit of the enterprises also achieved more difficult. Additional, the resources is shortage, it raised many problems in material negoti