管输原油腐蚀特性研究及管道剩余寿命预测软件开发-材料科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 腐蚀一直以来都是困扰着管道工业发展的一个极其突出的问题。为了输送从偏僻地 区开采的原油，世界各国修建了大量的输油管道，这些管道基本上都是埋设于地下的。 管道在运行过程中不但会受到外界土壤的腐蚀而且还会受到输送原油中腐蚀介质的腐 蚀。管道因腐蚀破坏不仅会造成巨大的经济损失以及能源浪费，还会对环境造成严重污 染甚至威胁到人类的生命安全。对输油管道腐蚀因素进行分析并对管道剩余寿命预测是 保证管道安全运营的重要手段，然而目前对管道腐蚀因素分析主要集中在管道的外腐蚀 因素上，寿命预测也是基于管道外腐蚀缺陷来展开的，而对管道破坏同样较大的内壁腐 蚀问题研究较少。 鉴于此，本文首先在实验室条件下模拟了输油管道内壁腐蚀的环境；建立了管道内 腐蚀速率预测模型并对内腐蚀的主要影响因素进行了分析；最后同时考虑管道的内腐蚀 和外腐蚀问题，建立了管道的剩余寿命预测模型，从管道内外两个方面展开寿命预测。 通过研究，本文得到了如下结论： 采用失重实验方法测量了不同原油对金属管道的腐蚀速率，建立了BP、GA和 GA-BP算法的三种人工神经网络模型，通过对比发现，三种网络模型的预测精度从高到 低为：GA．BPQ◇BP；借助于神经网络节点删除规则，对影响原油腐蚀性的主要因素 进行了筛选，并对筛选出来的主要因素进行了敏感性分析，发现对原油腐蚀性影响从高 到低的因素分别为：原油中的Fe含量、硫含量、温度、流速、Na含量、粘度、V含量、 Cu含量、水含量；最后采用visual studio C拌集成开发环境，开发了一套基于Win32平 台的管线腐蚀预测专家系统，实现了对管道内腐蚀速率及管道剩余寿命的预测。 关键词：管道腐蚀；人工神经网络；剩余寿命预测；专家系统 Research Research The Factors of Oil Corrosion and Exploitation the Residual Life Prediction Software For Oil Pipeline Ren Zherdia(Materials Science and Engineering) Directed by Prof．Zhang Jun Abstract Corrosion is a very serious problem in pipeline industry．Because all the oil fields were in remote areas almost，in order to transport this oil a lot of pipeline were built in the world， and this pipeline were buried in the underground on the whole．Not only the outside factors of pipeline but also the corrosion medium in oil could corrode pipeline between it operated．On the one hand，pipeline Was damaged would cause huge economic losses and waste of energy； on the other hand it also would cause serious pollution to the environment and even threaten human lives．Analysis the main corrosion factors and predicted residual life of pipeline is the important means of to ensure safe for pipeline．As we know the outside and inside of pipeline Can be corrode，unfortunately is SO far to analysis the corrosion factors and predicted residual life of pipeline are mainly in the outside of pipeline，actually interior of pipeline also has a very serious corrosion，but for this problem has no one to investigate． In view of this，firstly we researched the corrosion of interior