汽车鸣笛声定位系统仿真-声学技术.PDF

第 28 卷第 5 期 声 学 技 术 Vol.28, No.5 2009 年 10 月 Technical Acoustics Oct., 2009 汽车鸣笛声定位系统仿真 孙懋珩，俞莹婷 ( 同济大学电子与信息学院，上海201804) 摘要：提出了一种汽车鸣笛声定位系统用以协助执法部门锁定违章鸣笛车辆。该系统采用分布在立体空间的五元麦 克风阵列，整个定位系统由三个模块组成。首先根据鸣笛声的频域特性检测出信号，然后基于广义互相关理论计算 到达各麦克风信号的时延差，并通过对多次估计求均值提高时延估计的准确性。最后利用闭式球形插值算法得到声 源位置信息。仿真结果表明该系统可以有效地定位汽车鸣笛声，为实际的系统实现提供了一次初步探讨。 关键词：声音定位；麦克风阵列；时延估计；球形插值 中图分类号：TB556 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000-3630(2009)-05-0640-05 DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn1000-3630.2009.05.016 Simulation of car horn localization system SUN Mao-heng, YU Ying-ting (Institute of Electronics and Information, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China) Abstract: A system for car horn location which aims to helping agency to supervise the illegal car is proposed. The system consists of a 5-element microphone array and its algorithm is implemented in three modules. The first step is to detect the signal by the traits of the car horn in frequency domain. Then the time delay estimation (TDE) for microphone arrays is determined by generalized cross correlation (GCC), and the average of the estimations is calculated to improve the accuracy. Finally closed Spherical Interpolation (SI) is implemented to obtain the location of car horn. The simula- tion results indicate that the system effectively gets the location of car horn, thus provides a theoretical foundation for future implementation. Key words: sound localization; microphone arrays; time delay estimation; spherical interpolation 良好，具有很高的实用性。 1 引 言 2 系统模型 近年来，随着经济的快速发展，各大城市机动 车数量逐年增加，截至 2007 年底全国机动车数量已