人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总.doc

... ... 八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总 Unit 1 What ’s the matter? 一、基础知识 What ’ s the matte怎r?么啦？出什么事情了？ 【解析】 matter/ m?t ?(r)) /n.问题；事情 What’ s the matter with you?= What ’s the trouble with you? = What ’ s wr 你怎么了？ 【注】： matter 和 trouble 为名词， 其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词， wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、 问题其后跟询问对象时， 与 介词 with 连用。即： What’sthe matter with sb.? = What’syour trouble? = What’sup? = What happens to sb.? —What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache头疼 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛 much too+ 形容词，意为 太 ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。 enough【形容、 副词】足够的/地，enough放在名前后， 形副后。good enough足够好， enough money=much money 1 lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie 说谎，过去式lied maybe 或―许‖，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。 Maybe you are right. may be，是情态动词 +be的结构，意为 ―可能，也许‖，后加名词、代词或形容词。 He may be angry. sound like+名词代词和从句： It sounds like you don ’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词， ―听起来，好像 ‖，The music sounds nice. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作： You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth主. 语通常是物，表示被动的动作： Your dirty clothes need washing. get off (the bus) 下（公交车）get on 上车 agree 同意，赞同； agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei. trouble 问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble 遇到麻烦， make trouble 制造麻烦 ，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做有麻烦。 right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。 advice [不可数名词 ]劝告，建议，向? 征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给 某人建议； advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth. 【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼 当 exercise意为―练习‖时，为可数名词 即可加 s 当 exercise意为―锻炼‖时，为不可数名词 即不加 s 2 hurt 及物动词，使? ? 疼痛， ? ? 受伤， He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词， ? ? （部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom打扫教室，【形容词】干净的 ，cleaner 意为清洁工。 hit （用手或器具）打；击