高三英语一轮复习句型练习——定语从句（无答案）.docVIP

PAGE 2 PAGE 8 句型练习——定语从句 知识点和例题讲解 一. 关系代词that和which的区别 （1)相同点 这两个关系代词引导定语从句时，都可以指物；在从句中都可作主语或宾语；作宾语时都可省略。 The train that ( which ) has just left is for Shanghai.刚开的那列火车是去上海的。(作主语) The film that(which) we saw last night is wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的电影好极了。(作宾语，可省略) （2）用that，不用which的情况 ①当先行词是不定代词all, one, few, little, everything, nothing,any, anything, little等不定代词或被它们修饰时。 Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么要我做的事吗? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.他几乎没有回答老师的那些问题。 ②当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。 ③当先行词有the very，the only，the same等修饰时。 That’s the only thing that we can do now.目前我们只能这样了。 Those are the very words that he used.那就是他的原话。 ④当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时。 They were talking about the persons and things that they saw in the factory.他们在谈论在工厂里看到的人和事。 ⑤当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was.中国已经不是过去的中国了。 ⑥当要避免与疑问词which重复时。 Which is the car that was made in Beijing?哪辆车是北京制造的? ⑦当先行词为the way, the time, the period等时，关系代词常用that，但通常被省略。 I dont like the way(that)you speak to her.我不喜欢你对她说话的方式。 （3）用which，不用that的情况 ①引导非限制性定语从句。 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.全世界都踢足球，它是一项有趣的运动。 ②直接放在介词后作宾语时。 Language is the most important tool without which people cant communicate with each other.语言是最重要的工具，没有它，人们便无法交流。 教你巧学巧记: that和which的区别，很容易记混，用下面的顺口溜便不难区分： that，which可互换，下列请况勿照办， that情况比较多，不妨对你说一说; 不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。 先行词前被限制，千万不要用which， 要用which别着急，介词提前逗隔离。 二、关系代词who与that的区别 （1）当先行词是he、people、those等时，引导词常用who。 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 Those who are for me, put up your hands. 同意我的人请举手。 （2）当引导词作定语从句的表语时常用that。 She isnt the little girl that she used to be. 她再也不是过去的那个小姑娘了。 三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1、限制性定语从句 定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句为先行词不可缺少的定语。如果将这种定语从句省去，主句的意思就会不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 She has found the necklace that she lost 2 years ago. 她找到了两年前丢失的项链。 2、非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词作附加的说明，如果去掉