余热锅炉方案设计.doc

PAGE 30 PAGE 1 周守杰 余热锅炉计算机辅助设计 第1页 南京师范大学动力工程学院 余热锅炉方案设计 [摘 要]　结合硫磺制酸再生烟气的特性,论述了用于这种烟气余热回收的余热锅炉设计特点以及应当注意的问题.指出采用螺旋肋片管可使锅炉结构更为紧凑、传热效果更为理想。在设计中应充分考虑受热面的结构设计，包括锅水循环系统应选用简单回路以及锅炉钢管的选择。积灰会大量的降低锅炉的效率，故积灰的防止和清除非常重要。应采用返烟措施以降低锅炉进口烟温、使用附加剂、从锅炉结构设计上考虑防止积灰，清除积灰的方法有吹灰和振打。腐蚀是影响余热锅炉寿命的重要原因，它一般分低温腐蚀和高温腐蚀。低温腐蚀的特点是均匀性的腐蚀，它使管壁厚度逐渐减薄以至破裂。高温腐蚀的特点是局部性溃疡性腐蚀，它使管子因管壁穿孔而破坏。重点阐述了低温腐蚀和高温腐蚀的形成原因以及防止发生高温腐蚀和低温腐蚀的设计、余热锅炉的热负荷不稳定性、锅水循环方式、振动和磨损问题，还有余热锅炉主要部件即过热器、蒸发器、省煤器的改造设计方案, 以保证余热锅炉的正常运行。 [关键词]　余热锅炉, 螺旋肋片管, 低温腐蚀, 积灰，方案设计 Design of waste heat boiler Abstract: Combination with the characteristics of the catalytic cracking gas, discussing the characteristics of designing of waste heat boiler that used for waste heat gas recovering and the problems that should pay attention to. Pointing out that adopting of Spiral-finned tube can make the boiler construction more tightly and the effect of transmitting heat more ideal. In the design, we should consider the construction that is designed by hot well, the water circulatory system should use the simple back track, choose boiler steel pipe. Deposition can depress the efficiency of heat boiler greatly. So clearing and preventing to deposition is very important, we should adopt to improving the speed of the boiler smoke to boost up the ability of cleaning the deposition itself. Corrosion can reduce the natural life of heat boiler, and it include low temperature corrosion and high temperature corrosion, the characteristics of low temperature corrosion is an even and sexual corrosion, it make the thickness of the pipe reduce gradually thin then to break. The characteristics of high temperature corrosion is a partial ulcer corrosion, it make pipe broken because the tube wall bores hole. Keywords: Wast