河西走廊东部初、终霜冻日和无霜期变化特征分析.PDFVIP

中国农学通报 2016,32(11): 149-155 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin 河西走廊东部初、终霜冻日和无霜期变化特征分析 杨晓玲，胡津革，张宇林 （甘肃省武威市气象局，甘肃武威733099） 摘 要：为了引进适宜作物品种，合理调整种植结构，提高农业产业水平，利用1961—2014 年河西走廊东 部4 个气象站的初、终霜冻日（最低地温≤0℃）和年气温资料，采用气候诊断方法，对河西走廊东部初、终 霜冻日及无霜期的变化进行研究。结果表明，在时间变化上，初霜冻日显著推迟，终霜冻日显著提早，无 霜期显著延长。初、终霜冻日和无霜期时间序列分别存在8~ 10年、9~ 11年、9~ 10年的准周期变化。初、 终霜冻日和无霜期均发生了气候突变。受海拔高度、地形地势和植被覆盖的影响，在空间分布上，初霜 冻日为山区早于荒漠区早于绿洲平原区，终霜冻日为山区晚于荒漠区晚于绿洲平原区，无霜期为山区短 于荒漠区短于绿洲平原区。初霜冻日、终霜冻日和无霜期与年气温和海拔显著相关。 关键词：初霜冻日；终霜冻日；无霜期；变化特征；河西走廊东部 中图分类号：P429 文献标志码：A 论文编号：cas ChangeCharacteristicsofFirstandLastFrostDateandFrost-FreePeriodinEasternHexiCorridor YangXiaoling,HuJin’ge,ZhangYulin (WuweiMeteorologicalBureauofGansuProvince,WuweiGansu733099) Abstract: Thepaperaimstointroducesuitablecropvarietiesandreasonablyadjustplantingstructureand improveagriculturalindustrylevel.Basedonthedataofthefirstandlastfrostdate(thelowestground temperature≤0℃)andannualtemperatureof4meteorologicalstationsineasternHexicorridorduring 1961- 2014,changecharacteristicsofthefirstandlastfrostdateandfrost-freeperiodwerestudiedbyclimate diagnosisanalysismethod.Theresultsshowedthatthefirstfrostdatewassignificantlydelayed,thelastfrost datewassignificantlyadvancedandthefrost-freeperiodwassignificantlyprolongedintimevariation.Time seriesofthefirstandlastfrostdateandfrost-freeperiodhad 8-10years,9-11yearsand9-10yearsquasi- periodicvariationrespectively.Thefirstandlastfrostdateandfrost-freeperiodallhadaclimateabrupt change.Onspacedistribution,becauseoftheinfluenceofaltitude,topographyandvegetationcover,thefirst frostdateappearedinanorderofmountainousarea,desertregionandoasisplain,whilethesequenceofthe lastfrostdatewasincontrary.Thefrost-freeperiodw