恒流控制系统的人机界面设计毕业设计.doc

恒流控制系统的人机界面设计 摘要：计算机的出现导致了工业控制的一场革命。在此之前，电子单元仪表只能通过接线变化来构建稍微复杂一点的控制系统，气动单元仪表就更麻烦了，简单的计算就需要相当复杂的搭建，所以串级、前馈、比例、分程、选择性控制（请参见 《自动控制的故事》）都成了“先进控制”。另一方面，传统电子单元仪表安装在竖立的仪表板上，一个回路一个鸽子笼。一个操作工照看十几个回路，再多就看不过来了，距离太远。随着工厂规模越来越大，控制系统越来越复杂，传统的仪表板已经不适合需要，几十米长的仪表板需要很多操作工照看不说，没有一个操作工可以对全局有一个清晰的概念。于是，在常规的仪表板上方，开始加装一个标示整个工厂流程的象形显示板，用图形表示简化的工艺流程，在关键设备上有警告灯标示，表明设备的运行概况或对关键参数报警。由于所有人都能看见这块显示板，所有人都了解重要设备的状态。 关键词：恒流；控制；人机交互 Abstract: the emergence of computers led to a revolution in industrial control. Prior to this, the electronic instrument unit only through changes to build a complex wiring control system point, pneumatic unit instrument more trouble, the simple calculation need to build quite complex, so the cascade, feedforward, split ratio, and selective control (see automatic control has become the story) advanced control. On the other hand, the traditional electronic unit instrument is mounted on an upright dashboard, a loop, and a dove cage. An operator takes care of more than ten circuits, and no more can be seen. Its too far away. With the size of the factory is more and more big, the control system is more and more complex, the traditional dashboard is not suitable for the needs of tens of meters long dashboard operator needs a lot of care not to say, not an operator can have a clear idea of global. Then, on top of the dashboard routine, began to install a marked the entire factory process pictographic display panel, said the process is simple with graphics, a warning lamp marked on key equipment, show the running situation of the equipment or alarm of key parameters. Since everyone can see the display board, everyone knows the status of the important equipment. Keywords: constant current; control; human-computer interaction 引言：工业装置的规模越来越大，复杂程度越来越高，系统的集成度也越来越高，强烈要求集中控制，可以对复杂过程的控制变量作统筹安排。在某种程度上，更多的操作工反而碍事，操作工与操作工之间的交流费时，容易出错，越来越长的仪表板越来越难以适应现代控制的需要。计算机的出现不仅在控制算法和数学模型计算的实现上提供了空前的灵活性，而且对工业控制的显示也是一场革命。同一个显示屏可以调用不同的控制回路信息，而且可以根据需要，显示传统上为了节约占地而不在仪表板上显示得非常细节的信息。不再需要传统仪表板上的一个萝卜一个坑也解放了仪