简单背景下运动目标跟踪算法的研究毕业设计(论文).doc

论文题目（简单背景下运动目标跟踪算法的研究） PAGE II 简单背景下运动目标跟踪算法的研究 沈阳航空航天大学毕业设计（论文） PAGE V 摘 要 运动目标检测和跟踪是研究在图像序列中提取运动目标区域，分析运动目标特征和运动状态，并对之进行跟踪和估计有关运动参数的分析技术。它是图像处理与计算机视觉领域的一个非常活跃的分支。它在很多场合，比如重要场所的安全监控、汽车的自动驾驶和辅助驾驶、交通流量的控制、航空和军用飞行器的制导等都有非常广泛的应用。在运动目标检测方面，首先对当前帧与背景帧进行背景差分得到差分图像，通过设阈值对其二值化处理后提取运动目标，最后用形态学滤波进行后处理，以消除噪声和背景扰动带来的影响,得到完整可靠的运动目标图像；在运动目标跟踪方面，本文提出两种利用质心跟踪算法和卡尔曼滤波预测算法来进行运动跟踪的方法。质心算法通过计算每幅灰度图像运动物体的质心和半径r，以质心为圆心，以r为半径的圆框为跟踪窗口框住运动物体，从而将图像序列中的运动目标比较可靠地搜索出来，实现质心跟踪；第二种卡尔曼滤波预测算法，先确定第一帧图像中目标坐标，通过递推公式计算用此预测函数预测目标在下一帧时的位置，同原始数据相比误差很小。本文对各种设计方案和算法进行了仿真实验与编程实现，对最后确定采用的算法进行了多次优化，大大提高了系统的稳定性和实时性。实验表明，上述算法运算速度快，满足系统实时性要求，易于硬件实现，达到预期效果。 关键词：背景差分1；图像处理2；质心3；卡尔曼预测4 The research of algorithm about tracking moving target in the simple background Abstract Detection and tracking of moving object is an analytical technology studying how to extract the region of moving object,analysis the feature and motion of moving target,then match the object and estimate the concerned moving parameter in serial video image.Its an active branches in the area of image processing and computer vision.This technology has been applied widely in many ways such as security supervisory of important location,automatic driving,control of traffic flowing,the guidance of aero and military aircraft.In the inspection of the target motion, first ,using the current frame minus the background to get image of difference, Binarize the image by setting threshold to extract moving targets,then obtained complete reliable image of target, at last,with the target image post-processing on morphological filtering to eliminate the impact of noise and background disturbance;In the aspect of tracking moving target ,this article proposed two methods centroid tracking algorithm and kalman filter tracking algorithm to tracking motion.Centroid algorithm through calculating center of mass and radius r of each images white object,using centroid as the centre of a circle , r as radius to make a round frame as tracking window catching moving target