聚光光伏理论研究本科毕业论文.doc

湖北工业大学理学院毕业设计（论文） PAGE PAGE II 聚光光伏理论研究 摘 要 随着日益加剧的能源与环境危机，人们开始寻求一种可再生的洁能源，太阳能则是较为理想的一种。太阳能作为清洁能源中的一种，具有无污染、无噪音、安全、占地少、储量巨大等特点成为人们越来越关注的焦点。目前光伏技术已经历晶硅与薄膜电池两代，光伏发电技术发展至今由于高成本和并不理想的发电效率没能得到普及。本文中所提到的聚光光伏技术是近些年取得较好成就的第三代光伏技术，聚光光伏技术在以上两方面得到较大的突破。 聚光光伏的核心是具有高光电转换效率的Ⅲ—Ⅴ族电池和聚光系统。通过外延生长技术形成多节电池，令电池片光电转换效率达到前所未有的水平。聚光系统则是通过将入射光汇聚于电池表面增加了电池的辐照度和光强，是有效提升电池光电转换效率的做法。 屋顶系统作为光伏发电技术的一个重要应用，其目的是通过发电模组与建筑、环境的有机结合，达到与主电网并网发电或在偏远无电地区实现独立的发电微网。该项应用已在欧美等发达国家大规模实行，在我国目前处于个别示范性工程的阶段。在我国推广屋顶系统不仅是节能减排、解决偏远山区无电人口的用电问题而且也是拉动内需，让进入寒冬的光伏行业复苏的好机会。 本文简要介绍了聚光光伏的原理、优势以及不同技术路线的特点。对其利用菲涅耳透镜的聚光技术和屋顶系统做了详细分析、仿真并对其未来发展趋势做了展望。 关键词：聚光光伏、菲涅耳透镜聚光、屋顶系统。 Abstract With the energy and environment crisis intensified, people began to seek a kind of clean and renewable energy ,and solar energy is a kind of ideal. Solar energy as a clean energy, has no pollution, no noise, focus on safety, less land occupation, huge reserves characteristics become increasingly concerned. At present, photovoltaic technology have experienced amorphous silicon and thin-film batteries two generation, photovoltaic power generation technology development so far due to the high cost and power efficiency is not ideal can not be universal. Concentrating photovoltaic technology mentioned in this paper is the third generation of photovoltaic technology in recent years made good achievements, concentrating photovoltaic technology in the above two aspects have great breakthrough. The core of concentrating photovoltaic is having a high photoelectric conversion efficiency of Ⅲ - Ⅴ battery and concentrating system. Growth technique to form a plurality of batteries by extension, the battery photoelectric conversion efficiency reached a hitherto unknown level. Condenser system is through the incident light converging to a surface of the battery and increase battery irradiance and light intensity, is effective to enhance battery photoelectric conversion efficiency approach. The roof system as an important application of photovoltaic power gener