陕北地区提高石油采收率菌株筛选及其降解性能评价.PDF

生物技术通报 ·研究报告· BIOTECHNOLOGY BULLETIN ( ) 2019, 35 2 :73-79 陕北地区提高石油采收率菌株筛选及其降解性能评价 邓振山  商荣芳  陈凯凯  王小江 （延安大学生命科学学院，延安 716000） 摘 要 ： 筛选出可提高石油采收率的降解菌株。采用富集培养和稀释平板法，从陕北某采油厂附近长期受原油污染的水域 和油污泥中筛选获得以原油为唯一碳源的降油菌株，并对其生长条件、排油圈能力、代谢产物表面活性物质、表面张力与乳化性 及原油降解实验进行一系列的研究。含油废水和油污泥中筛选出 10 株细菌，从中选择了6 株优势菌作为供试菌株进行后续研究， 6 株供试菌株均可使原油的理化性质发生变化。菌株B 与原油作用后，使原油黏度降低了49.02%，菌株A-08、菌株5-13、菌株1-2 及菌株A 和菌株A-08 复合菌群可使原油乳化为细小的圆型颗粒，与原油作用后，降解率达到43.25%-60.00%。 关键词 ： 提高采收率 ；代谢产物 ；降黏率；表面张力 ；乳化效果 DOI ：10.13560/ki.biotech.bull.1985.2018-0654 Screening of Strains for Enhancing Oil Recovery in Northern Shaanxi and Evaluation of Their Degradabilities DENG Zhen-shan SHANG Rong-fang CHEN Kai-kai WANG Xiao-jiang （College of Life Sciences ，Yan ’an University ，Yan ’an 716000 ） Abstract: In order to screen the strains that can enhance oil recovery by using metabolites，using enrichment and dilution plate method，strains of degrading crude oil as sole carbon source were screened from nearby long-time petroleum-polluted waters and oily sludge in the northern Shaanxi，and their characteristics，including their growth condition，oil displacement capability，surface active substance of metabolites，surface tension and emulsification，and the degradation of crude oil were analyzed，respectively. Ten strains of bacteria were screened from wastewater containing oil and oily sludge. Further，6 dominant bacteria were selected as test ones for follow-up study，6 strains of bacteria resulted in the physicochemical properties of crude oil changed. Cr