The Internet Protocol培训课件.pptVIP

IP structure Class A begins 1 to 126 Class B begins 128 to 191 Class C begins 192 to 223 Reserved addresses Addresses beginning 127 are reserved for loopback and internal testing xxx.0.0.0 reserved for network address xxx.255.255.255 reserved for broadcast IP Addresses IP addresses are: Unique Global and Standardised Essential Subnetting - Why? Division of local networks Greater number of networks Simplifies addressing ,, ,, ,, ,, ,, If you want to connect to another computer, transfer files to or from another computer, or send an e-mail message, you first need to know where the other computer is - you need the computers address. An IP (Internet Protocol) address is an identifier for a particular machine on a particular network; it is part of a scheme to identify computers on the Internet. IP addresses are also referred to as IP numbers and Internet addresses ,, An IP address consists of four sections separated by dots. Commonly written in decimal Each section contains a number ranging from 0 to 255. Example = 128.35.0.72 ,, These four sections represent both the machine itself, or host, and the network that the host is on. The network portion of the IP address is allocated under authority of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). American Registry of Internetwork Numbers (ARIN) Network administrators then assign the host portion of the IP address to the machines on the networks that they operate ,, Which sections of the IP address represent the network and which sections represent the machine will depend on what class of IP address is assigned to a network.  There are 5 classes of IP addresses: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D, and Class E. ? Class A - supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks Class B - supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks Class C - supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks ,, ,, Classes correspond either to the size of the network (the number of hosts that the network can suppo