论马克思的感性需要理论-马克思主义哲学专业论文.docxVIP

第 第 ii 页 摘 要 马克思的需要理论我们看到，这一理论不仅饱含着对当下人的异化现实（感性需 要被异化为对各种形式的“拜物教”）的深刻批判，也蕴涵着对未来人类理想生 存境界的殷切期盼，亦即对未来人的全面自由发展的深深眷恋和审美关怀。 在由现代形而上学原则和资本原则主导的现代社会，在科学技术和现代管理 对人和社会形成全面规制的今天，在人和自然、人和人有着深刻矛盾的当下，在 “真实需要”被“虚假需要”重重遮蔽的情势下，重温马克思的关于人的感性需 要理论，领会其精髓，对于自觉改变当代实践方式、实现人类自我拯救、塑造“有 深刻感觉的人”和真正“富有的人”，具有重大的现实意义。 关键词：马克思，感性需要理论 ABSTRACT ABSTRACT 第 第 PAGE iii 页 ABSTRACT Human rationality was separated from original unconscious state of being, which is truly an important event in the history of human spirit and one of the marks leading human being to a civilized society. Otherwise, if a History of Western Philosophy is a History of Metaphysics, obviously, the object of traditional philosophy is Metaphysics, and the basic task of this kind of philosophy was to defend the rational Metaphysics . Undoubtedly, the human rationality was extremely displayed. By comparison, the human’s sensible consciousness and sensible need were inhibited and suppressed during , which were on the run menially and had no hope to be present in the world. The rational existence of thinking human “senseless and anestrus” originated from Plato, established from Descartes, and completed from Hegel. In fact, no matter where they were from, Plato, Descartes, Hegel or other philosophers during this time, they were only redundant tails attached to human, which made human ashamed and burdensome. Even at their best, they were considered as some kinds of instinct of human nature, and they sho uld be standarded and guided by rationality. Under the bad conditions, they were firmly convicted as “bad” things, which must be overcome and uprooted. In a word, in the world of philosophy where the rationality was regarded the nature of human and world, human’s sensible need (feeling, passion, impulsion ,will and lust ) was impossible to have it’s “legal” place. There was a true revolution in philosophy from Marx, which happened on the basis of ontology. When Marx turned his philosophy sight to “human world”, “sensible wor