较少死于癌症及心脏血管病KhawetalLancet200cadenza.pptVIP

The secrets of longevity: genes, hormones or environment?長壽的秘密：基因、荷爾蒙或環境的影響？  Kay-Tee Khaw UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE Possible antiageing interventions?有可能抗老化的方法？ Hormones? 荷爾蒙？ Dietary supplements? 營養補充劑？ Extreme caloric restriction? 極度限制熱量？ No good evidence for any of these 以上方法並沒有證據支持 Female life expectancy in selected countries compared with trend in record life expectancy 不同年代、不同國家的女性生命壽數之比較 Oeppen Vaupel Science 2002 Projected numbers 60 years 2007-2026 Hong Kong 香港2007-2026年預計達60歲以上的人數 Percent population over 60 years old (達60歲以上的人數百分比) 2007 16% 2016 22% 2026 29% .hk Healthy life expectancy determined by a relatively limited number of chronic conditions生命壽歲受不同的健康情況影響 Cardiovascular diseases 心臟血管病 stroke中風, heart disease心臟病 Cancer癌症 breast乳癌, colon大腸癌, prostate前列腺癌, lung肺癌 Neurological conditions 神經系統情況 Dementia老人痴呆 , Blindness失明, hearing loss失聰 Respiratory diseases呼吸系統疾病 Musculoskeletal disorders 骨骼/肌肉異常 Osteoporotic fractures骨折, arthritis風濕病 , frailty脆弱 Main causes of disease burden65 yrs 65歲以上人士主要疾病種類 International variation in coronary heart disease and rates with age in women selected countries不同國家冠心病情況比較 及 冠心病與年齡的關係 International variation in breast cancer incidence and mortality rates by age in selected countries 不同國家乳癌情況比較 及 乳癌與年齡關係 International variations, time trends, migration studies suggest the major determinants of healthy ageing are environmental 環境是影響老年健康的最主要因素 Large body of evidence suggests lifestyle factors: diet, physical activity, smoking have a major impact 大量報告証明飲食、運動、吸煙對於健康有重大影響 EPIC*-Norfolk population study 歐洲癌症前瞻性調查--英國羅福城市研究 Aims: to identify major determinants of health in middle and later life 目的：研究生活模式與生理因素如何影響長者 健康 30,000 men and women 40-79 years living in Norfolk, United Kingdom (30000名年齡40-79歲居住英國羅福市的成年人) First seen 1993-1997 Extensive lifestyle and biologic information Followed up for health to present (由93-97年招募，跟蹤至今，收集了大量生活模式與生理情況的資料) * Part of European Prospective