笔记123.docVIP

词汇 词汇学习：词性，词的用法，词的派生 1. 常用否定意义的前缀(词性不变,意思相反) in-, inaccurate, incorrect, insignificant un-, unimportant, unsatisfied, uninteresting im-, impossible, improbable dis-, dislike, disfavor, discourage ir-, irresponsible, irregular, irrational il-, illogical, illegal, illiterate non-, nonsmoking, nonviolence, nonexistent mis-错, 坏, 不 mislead, misunderstand, misfortune 2. 动词词缀 en-使 ensure, enrich, enlarge -en使 brighten, broaden, lengthen re-又，再，重新 regain, rewrite, repaint -ize,(使) realize, recognize -fy(使) satisfy, horrify 3. 名词后缀(指人) -ess, (雌性) actress, hostess, waitress -er, (职业) buyer , interviewer, teacher -ist, (职业) scientist, economist, physicist -or, (职业) actor, visitor, director -ese,(国籍) Japanese, Chinese, -an(人) American, physician, musician -ant(人) assistant, applicant -ar(人) scholar, liar, beggar -ee(人) employee, interviewee -ent(人) student, opponent 4.名词后缀(抽象名词) al,(行为) arrival, refusal -ance,(行为, 状态) insurance, performance -ation(行为, 状态) information, translation -ence(行为, 状态) dependence, confidence -dom, (状态, 领域) freedom, kingdom -hood,(身份,性质) brotherhood, neighborhood -ship,(状态,身份) friendship, citizenship -ity,(性质,状态) ability, reality -ment,(行为,结果) movement, achievement -ness,(性质,状态) nervousness, tiredness -ion,(行为,结果) suggestion, question -th,(性质,状态) width, length, depth -ure,(行为,结果) temperature, departure 5. 形容词后缀 -able/ible,(可…的, 能…的) capable, responsible -less,(没有…的) hopeless, useless -ful,(有…的, 充满…的) careful, helpful -ive, (有…倾向的) effective, active -like,(像…的)childlike, brotherlike -y,(充满…的)rainy, snowy -al,(具有…特点的) personal, national -ed,(具有…特点的) excited, interested -ing,(具有…特点的)interesting, exciting) -ish,(具有…属性的) selfish, foolish -ous(具有…特点的) dangerous, anxious 6. 副词后缀 -ly,(在…状态) angrily, sadly -ward(s）(朝…方向) forwards, backwards 词类转换填词技巧 1. 确定空缺词汇的词性与词义. 2. 确定使用前缀或后缀 3. 填动词时注意时态, 语态; 填名词时注意单,复数 Exercise 1. She was engaged in an (argue) with Roberts about equal pay for men and women.