铸造热分析技术的原理及应用.ppt

计算机在材料科学中的应用《测试部分》 主讲人：华勤 第一章 计算机测试与控制 一、采样与信号处理 1.传感器的分类 2.传感器与计算机控制系统的连接 3.采样方式和数字滤波 4.标度变换 5.非线性补偿 二、控制方法和控制规律 1.直接数字控制系统 2.计算机监督控制系统 3.控制系统与执行器件 4.过程控制的数学模型 5.抗干扰系统和方法 三、总线结构 1.总线的概念 2.ISA和PCI总线及应用 3.RS－232总线及应用 四、串行通信 1.串行通信的信号定义与编码 2.工作模式 3.通信端口的初始化 4.接线方法 第二章 铸造热分析方法及应用《测试技术应用》 一、热分析方法的基本原理 1、基本概念 热分析是一种材料研究的工具。当物质的物理状态和化学状态发生变化时，往往伴随着热力学性质的变化，因此可以通过测定其热力学性质的变化，来了解物质物理或化学变化过程。 二、自适应热分析系统的介绍 Adaptive Thermal Analysis System Process Control?Are you a “blind” foundryman? Day 1: C = 3,4 % Si = 2,1 % , 1380 C Scrap rate = 2,0 %. All measured data OK! Day 2: C = 3,4 % Si = 2,1 % , 1380 C Scrap rate = 12,0 % All measured data OK! Factors influencing Metallurgical Quality Chemical composition Charge materials and composition (Combined Free C) Charging sequence and temperature / time ratios Iron handling and treatment practice Pouring temperature and inoculation practice Presence and amount of reaction products Thermal properties of alloy, mould and core(s) Mould / Core hardness / Weighting Methoding (gating, feeding, feeding paths, etc.) Shake-out time Why chemistry is not enough Spectrometer only shows amount per element! No info about compounds! No info about nucleation properties! No info about graphite precipitation! Tramp elements often not analysed Are spectrometer readings reliable? C, Si Metallurgy Related Problems Macro- and micro shrinkages, porosity Chill and intercellular carbides Graphite shape and matrix Expansion penetration Certain slag and gas-related defects Fluidity, castability Strength, hardness, machinability Nodularity, Nodule Count About 40% of all scrap has metallurgical causes! Ideal Metallurgical Process Control Measure essential metallurgical parameters Interpret actual data Predict final results Learn from experience Adjust according to suggested corrections Advisory system increases knowledge Increased awareness / Tutorial The Met