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If you have an apple and I have an apple and we exchange these apples then you and I will still each have one apple.But if you have an idea and I have an idea and we exchange these ideas ,then each of us will have two ideas.
Cooperative Language Learning
Contents
1 Background
2 Approach
3 Design
4 Conclusions
Cooperative Language Learning
1 make maximum use of cooperative activities(like pairs and groups)
2 raise the achivement of all students
3 build positive relationships among students
4 foster cooperation rather than compitition
Background
The early 20th century
John Dewey(U.S. educator)
The 1960s and 1970s
The forced integration of public schools
理论基础
1 马斯洛的“需要”理论
2 “群体动力”理论
Five Goals
1 ↑ naturalistic second language acquisition(S)
2 ↑ a methodology can be applied in a variety of curriculum settings(T)
3 ↑ particular lexical items ,language structure,communicative function
4 ↑successful learning and communicative stategies (S)
5 ↑motivation and stress ↓(S)
Approach
Theory of language(5 promises)
Theory of learning(social interaction)
Theory of language
5 promises
1 communication
2 conversation
3 maxims=rules (准则)
4 interaction
5 participation
Theory of learning
Cooperative Learning
Jean Piaget+Lev Vygotsky
social interaction
critical thinking
the Question Matrix(word pair)
Cooperative Learning
Competitive Learning
1 Group Goal
2 We sink or swim toghter
3 Positive Interdependece
4 Positive Correlation
1 Indivadual Goal
2 If I swim ,you sink;If you swim,I sink
3 Negative Interdependence
4 Negative Correlation
Advantages of CLL
1 ↑ frequency and variety
2 ↑ cognitive development language skills
3 ↑ language + content--based instruction
4 ↑ language and concept learning
5 ↑ communication
6 ↑ resources and more active roles
Design
Objectives
The Syllabus
Types of CL Groups
Key Elements
Activity Types of CLL
CLL Activities
Roles
(Learner, Teacher, Instructional Materials)
Conclusions
Procedure
Objectives
Overall Objectives of CLL
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