EPA 7196A 美国环保标准.pdfVIP

METHOD 7196A CHROMIUM, HEXAVALENT (COLORIMETRIC) 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION 1.1 Method 7196 is used to determine the concentration of dissolved hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in EP/TCLP characteristic extracts and ground waters. This method may also be applicable to certain domestic and industrial wastes, provided that no interfering substances are present (see Paragraph 3.1 below). 1.2 Method 7196 may be used to analyze samples containing from 0.5 to 50 mg of Cr(VI) per liter. 2.0 SUMMARY OF METHOD 2.1 Dissolved hexavalent chromium, in the absence of interfering amounts of substances such as molybdenum, vanadium, and mercury, may be determined colorimetrically by reaction with diphenylcarbazide in acid solution. A red - violet color of unknown composition is produced. The reaction is very sensitive, the absorbancy index per gram atom of chromium being about 40,000 at 540 nm. Addition of an excess of diphenylcarbazide yields the red-violet product, and its absorbance is measured photometrically at 540 nm. 3.0 INTERFERENCES 3.1 The chromium reaction with diphenylcarbazide is usually free from interferences. However, certain substances may interfere if the chromium concentration is relatively low. Hexavalent molybdenum and mercury salts also react to form color with the reagent; however, the red-violet intensities produced are much lower than those for chromium at the specified pH . Concentrations of up to 200 mg/L of molybdenum and mercury can be tolerated . Vanadium interferes strongly, but concentrations up to 10 times that of chromium will not cause trouble. 3.2 Iron in concentrations greater than 1 mg/L may produce a yellow color, but the ferric iron color is not strong and difficulty is not normally encountered if the