水解聚马来酸酐的合成及缓蚀性能的研究.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 18 摘 要 由于工业用水循环使用过程中的不断浓缩造成水中矿物质含量增加，给管道和设备带来了腐蚀问题，需要投加缓蚀剂以保证循环水系统的正常运行。聚合物缓蚀剂是缓蚀剂中最重要的一种。然而，目前应用于工业中的缓蚀剂，大多数是生产过程有毒的环境非友好型的化学品，这与提出的“绿色化学”的理念相悖。因此，研制生产过程清洁，对环境无毒无害的缓蚀剂是当前国内外研究开发的重点。 水解聚马来酸酐过去一直采用有机溶剂法制备，其工艺存在反应周期长，需要大量的溶剂和昂贵的引发剂，产品成本高，溶剂回收困难，对环境有污染等缺点。本文针对水解聚马来酸酐传统生产工艺的缺点，以水为溶剂，过氧化氢为引发剂，硫酸亚铁为催化剂的作用下，合成了水解聚马来酸酐。同时通过设计正交实验对HPMA合成条件进行了优化，得到了最佳合成条件：聚合反应温度为120℃，马来酸酐用量为40g，蒸馏水用量为30ml，催化剂用量为0.0300g，引发剂用量为30ml。在此条件下合成产品的固体含量为最大。利用红外光谱对所合成的产品进行了表征，发现谱图上具有HPMA的特征基团的波长 利用静止挂片失重法研究HPMA在标准腐蚀实验水中对A3钢和黄铜均有较好的缓蚀作用，基本上可以作为工业循环水中的缓蚀剂使用；同时采用极化曲线对HPMA的缓蚀性能和机理进行了研究，从实验数据分析出：HPMA对A3钢和黄铜均有较好的耐点蚀作用，而HPMA对A3钢和黄铜有阴极缓蚀作用。 关键词 绿色化学 缓蚀剂 水解聚马来酸酐 Abstract The corrosion of equipments and pipelines is caused by the mineral content increased in the industrial circulating water, which has been circulated to use and concentrated. For evenly normal operation, corrosion inhibitors should be applied in the circulating water system. Polymer corrosion inhibitors are a most important kind in all corrosion inhibitors. Then, the most corrosion inhibitors applied in the industry are the chemical substances, which contain poisonous in the production process and non-environmental-protection chemicals at present. The phenomenon is contrary to the view of green chemistry put forward recently. So it is current orientation to research and develop the corrosion inhibitors, which are yielded clearly and Environmental protection corrosion inhibitors at homed and aboard. Hydrolyzed poly maleic anhydride（HPMA）was produced in an organic solvent in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator at industrial scale. However, this process had disadvantages as following: it needed long period time, high production cost because it needed a great deal of organic solvent and expensive oil-soluble initiating agent and causing severely environmental pollution and having potential fire dangers and so on. To overcome these problems, HPMA was Synthesized in water as the only polymerizatio