外文翻译---挖掘机开垦森林土壤与修正方案.docx

附录 Reclamation of forest soils with excavator tillage and organic amendments Abstract In early 1994, a research project was initiated to evaluate the success of several techniques aimed at restoring productivity to degraded soils on landings near Vama Vama Creek, 44 km east of Prince George in Central British Columbia. Soils were developed from morainal parent materials, the usual surface soil texture was silt loam. Two organic amendments were used in this study, including freshly prepared wood chips and old sawdust. An excavator equipped with a site preparation rake was used to till the soils to a depth of 0.50 m. Organic amendments were subsequently added to the plots, and either left as a mulch or incorporated into the surface 0.20 m of the soil. Nitrogen was applied to all plots at a rate of 225 kg N ha-1, which represents about one-third of the 500±700 kg ha-1 that was estimated to be required to compensate for N immobilization during decomposition of the woody residues. Survival was good for all treatments, but after 3 years, trees were growing best in areas that were treated with tillage alone. Trees growing on areas where old sawdust was used as an amendment had more volume than trees growing in areas where wood chips had been used. Control plots with no treatment had intermediate growth. Soil temperature and chemical properties were evaluated for their effect on growth.#2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Forest soil rehabilitation; British Columbia; Soil disturbance; Soil conservation; Soil productivity; Landing and road rehabilitation 1. Introduction Soils on forest landings in central British Columbia are frequently characterized by compaction and nutrient depletion (Carr, 1988a). Degraded soils on landings and other areas where soils have been disturbed by forest operations often support only meager growth of planted conifers (Arnott et al., 1988). In many cases, soil conditions are so degraded that planting is not attemp